ICP-MS法同时测定辣木籽中22种无机元素及主成分分析和聚类分析

目的:建立电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）同时测定辣木籽中Na、Mg、Al、K、Ca、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Se、Mo、Ag、Cd、Sb、Ba、Hg、Tl、Pb 22种无机元素，确定辣木籽中无机元素的含量及其分布特征。方法:采集红河州元阳、红河州红河、红河州开远、楚雄州元谋、德宏州芒市、楚雄州双柏、昭通市巧家、昆明市东川、玉溪市元江、丽江市华坪10个产地样品，经微波消解，采用ICP-MS测定上述元素，从元素组学的角度建立无机元素指纹图谱，并用SPSS聚类分析和主成分分析评价其特征元素。结果:各元素线性关系良好（r>0.999），检测限0.04~78.44 μg/L，精密度符合规定（RSD<5%），各元素加样回收率80.13%~113.66%（RSD<10%）；不同产地的辣木籽中均含有较丰富的对人体有益的无机元素，较低的有害元素；主成分分析选出4个主因子，得出特征无机元素为Zn、Ca、Cu、Fe、Cr、Ba、Al；聚类分析聚为二大类，说明无机元素的含量与环境、地域等因素具有相关性。结论:ICP-MS法可用于辣木籽22种无机元素的测定，主成分分析法和聚类分析法可对辣木籽的品质进行评价，为辣木籽的开发利用提供研究基础。

Simultaneous Determination of 22 Inorganic Elements in Moringa Seeds by ICP-MS and Principal Component Analysis and Cluster analysis

Objective: To establish ICP-MS for the simultaneous determination of Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Mo, Ag, Cd, Sb, Ba, Hg, Tl, Pb 22 kinds of inorganic elements, Determine the content and distribution characteristics of inorganic elements in Moringa seeds. Method: Collected samples from 10 different origins (Honghe Yuanyang, Honghe Honghe, Honghe Kaiyuan, Chuxiong Yuanmou, Dehong Mangshi, Chuxiong Shuangbai, Zhaotong Qiaojia, Kunming Dongchuan, Yuxi Yuanjiang, and Lijiang Huaping). The samples were treated by microwave digestion and determined by ICP-MS. The fingerprint of inorganic elements was established. The inorganic elements were evaluated by SPSS cluster analysis and principal component analysis. Results: The proposed method showed good linearity with r>0.999 for all inorganic elements, the detection limits were 0.04~78.44 μg/L and the RSD of precision complied with the regulations (RSD<5%). The recoveries were 80.13%~113.66% (RSD<10%). Moringa seeds were rich in inorganic elements that are beneficial to the human body, and lower harmful elements; The principal component analysis selected 4 principal factors, and the results indicated that Zn, Ca, Cu, Fe, Cr, Ba and Al may be the characteristic elements. The cluster analysis was divided into two groups, indicating that the element contents were related to the ecological environment. Conclusion: ICP-MS can be used for the content determination of the inorganic elements of Moringa seeds. The principal component analysis and cluster analysis can be used to evaluate the quality of Moringa seeds, and provide research foundation for the development and utilization of Moringa seeds.