谷物类食品中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）及其衍生物的研究现状

脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）是由镰刀菌在侵染小麦等禾谷类作物过程中产生的一种有毒次级代谢产物，广泛分布于谷物及其相关制品中，给世界粮食产业造成巨大经济损失，也给人类健康带来重大威胁。DON在植物、微生物作用下会转化形成各种衍生物，且这些衍生物可与DON原型同时存在，增加了谷物及相关制品的安全风险。本文对DON的理化性质、影响产生的因素及其衍生物类型进行了讨论，并重点阐述了DON及其衍生物的污染状况以及在食品加工过程中的变化等方面的研究进展，以期为谷物及其制品中DON的风险评估及防控策略的制定提供有利参考。

Research Progress of Deoxynivalenol (DON) and Its Derivatives in Cereal Foods

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a toxic secondary metabolite primarily produced by Fusarium graminearum. It is widely distributed in cereals and related products and can cause huge economic losses to the world food industry and pose a major threat to human health. What needs more attention is that DON could be transformed into various derivatives under the action of plants and microorganisms. And these derivatives often co-exist with the DON prototype, which increases the safety risk of cereals and related products. This paper discusses the physicochemical characteristics, influencing factors and the derivative types of DON, and focuses on the research progress of pollution status of DON and its derivatives, and their changes during processing of cereal-based products, so as to provide beneficial reference for risk assessment and prevention and control of DON and its derivatives in cereal and related products.