三维石墨烯泡沫脱除对虾加工副产物中Hg (II)的研究

汞（mercury，Hg）是一种毒性强、分布广、难降解的环境污染物，易富集在对虾的内脏和头部，限制了对虾加工下脚料的综合利用。以对虾加工副产物中Hg（Ⅱ）的脱除为研究目的，利用三维石墨烯泡沫（3D graphene foam，GF）大的比表面积和丰富的羟基、羧基官能团，与Hg（Ⅱ）螯合，实现对对虾加工副产物中Hg（Ⅱ）的脱除。分别利用原子吸收光谱、紫外吸收光谱、甲醛滴定法测定脱除前后对虾加工副产物中Hg（Ⅱ）、蛋白质、氨基酸含量的变化。实验结果表明，GF质量轻，经氧化后含有大量的孔隙结构以及丰富的官能团，在pH6，吸附平衡时间20 min的脱除条件下，GF对对虾加工副产物中Hg（Ⅱ）的脱除率达92.01%，而对蛋白质、氨基酸态氮的保存率分别为94.92%、93.89%。因此，将对虾加工副产物通过GF处理，可以显著（P<0.05）减少加工副产物中Hg（Ⅱ）的残留量，提高对虾加工副产品的食用安全性。

Removal of Hg(Ⅱ)from Prawn Byproducts by 3D Graphene Foam

Mercury(Hg)is a kind of environmental pollutant with strong toxicity,wide distribution and difficult degradation.Hg is easy to concentrate in the viscera and head of prawn,which limits the comprehensive utilization of prawn byproducts.This work focused on the removal of Hg(Ⅱ)from prawn byproducts.Taking the advantages of large specific surface area and abundant hydroxyl and carboxyl functional groups,3D graphene foam(GF)could strongly chelate with Hg(Ⅱ),finally remove Hg(Ⅱ)from prawn byproducts.The contents of Hg(Ⅱ),protein and amino acid in prawn byproducts were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry,ultraviolet absorption spectrometry and formaldehyde titration,respectively.Results showed that the GF was extremely light,and the oxidized GF contained a lot of pores and abundant functional groups.After treating with GF,the amount of Hg(Ⅱ)in prawn byproducts were effectively reduced,and the removal rate was calculated to 92.01%.Moreover,the retention rate of protein and amino acid nitrogen were 94.92%,93.89%respectively.Therefore,dealing prawn processing residues with GF significantly(P<0.05)reduced the amount of Hg(Ⅱ),which would improve the economic benefit of the prawn byproducts.