基于柠檬提取液的银纳米颗粒绿色制备工艺优化

为实现绿色制备银纳米颗粒,研究以硝酸银为原料,采用柠檬提取液为还原剂和稳定剂,在水溶剂环境中采用生物法绿色合成银纳米颗粒。研究探讨了柠檬提取液(柠檬汁、柠檬皮醇提液、柠檬皮水提液)用量,硝酸银浓度,pH调节剂,反应时间,反应温度等因素对银纳米颗粒粒径、形貌、稳定性的影响,并借助紫外-可见分光光度法(UV-Vis)、SEM对银纳米颗粒进行表征。通过工艺优化,分别确定了以柠檬汁、柠檬皮醇提液、柠檬皮水提液为原料的银纳米颗粒最佳制备工艺,所得银纳米颗粒都具有分散性能良好,颗粒均匀,粒径范围为70 nm左右,其中以柠檬皮醇提液工艺制备银纳米颗粒的形貌及稳定性最佳,即硝酸银1.0 mmol/L、柠檬皮醇提液9 mL、反应时间12 min、pH调节剂为1 mol·L-1的NaOH。该工艺采用生物法合成银纳米颗粒,绿色安全、环境友好,具有较好的实际应用价值。

Optimization of preparation technology for silver nanoparticles using lemon juice

Silver nanoparticles were prepared by biological method through reducing silver nitrate by lemon extract used as the reductant and protective reagent in water. The influences of lemon juice dosage,lemon peel alcohol extract usage,the amount of lemon peel water extract,silver nitrate concentration,pH regulators,reaction time and reaction temperature on the particle diameter,morphology and stability of nanosilver were examined,and the characterization of synthesized samples were investigated by UV-Vis spectrum and scanning electron microscope. The optical synthesis conditions for silver nanoparticles were determined,and nanosilver had advantages of good dispersibility,uniform particle size and average diameter of 70 nm. Compared with lemon juice and lemon peel water extract,the alcohol extraction process was the best,which was as follows:1.0 mmol/L silver nitrate,9 mL lemon peel alcohol extract,reaction time 12 min and 1 mol·L-1 NaOH. The synthesis of nanosilver by biological method was green,safe and environment friendly,which had better practical value.