体外模拟消化在水产品营养活性物质研究中的应用进展

食物营养素对人体健康的影响主要取决于胃肠道内的消化过程。体外模拟消化可以综合模拟人体消化过程，具有重现性好、简单灵活、应用广泛等优点，不仅可以预测食物成分、结构和消化特性之间的关系，还可以评估食物成分的生物利用度和消化代谢物对人体健康的影响，是研究食品中营养物质的有效工具。体外模拟消化已经广泛用于水产品营养活性成分的研究，本文综述了体外模拟消化模型的现状，对静态模型和动态模型的优缺点及其应用进行了详细描述，并系统总结了体外模拟消化在研究水产品蛋白质消化率、生物活性肽消化稳定性、多糖消化酵解特性及脂质氧化稳定性等方面的应用。此外，还对体外模拟消化模型的局限和优化提出了建议，以期对其在海洋生物医药、海洋功能食品等领域的应用有所助益。

Research Progress on the Application of in Vitro Digestion Model in Nutritional Active Substances of Aquatic Products

The impact of food nutrients on human health depends primarily on the digestion process in the gastrointestinal tract. The in vitro digestion model can simulate the digestive processes in vivo conditions integrally. It has the advantages of reproducibility, simplicity and universality. In vitro digestion can not only forecast the relationship among food composition, structure and digestive characteristics, but also calculate the bioavailability of food components and the impact of digestive metabolites on body health, so it is an important way to research nutrients in food. In vitro digestion has been widely used in the study of nutritional active substances in aquatic products. This article reviews the current situation of the in vitro digestion model and states the advantages and disadvantages of static and dynamic models and their applications in detail. It systematically summarizes the application of in vitro digestion in the study of nutritional active substances in aquatic products, including research on the digestibility of protein, the stability of bioactive peptides, the digestive and fermentation characteristics of polysaccharides, and the oxidation stability of lipid. In addition, suggestions for the limitations and optimization of the in vitro digestion model have been provided. It is expected to be useful in the future for its application in marine biomedicine, marine functional food and other fields.