水合有机溶液体系中类胡萝卜素聚集体的探究

类胡萝卜素具有多种对人体有益的生理活性，在一定条件下分子可自聚集形成不同类型的聚集体。本文主要以水合有机溶液的比例和加样顺序为关键因素，探究其对三种代表性类胡萝卜素（虾青素、叶黄素、β-胡萝卜素）聚集体的类型（H聚集体、M单体、J聚集体）、形成条件和稳定性的影响。分别将虾青素丙酮溶液、叶黄素乙醇溶液、β-胡萝卜素丙酮溶液以水入有机和有机入水两种不同滴加顺序，按照有机溶剂占总体积比以10%~90%的比例混合，观察类胡萝卜素小分子及其聚集体的状态并进行紫外可见吸收光谱分析。结果表明，在有机入水的加样顺序下，虾青素、叶黄素、β-胡萝卜素溶液体系下形成H聚集体的有机溶剂占总体积比分别为10%~20%、10%~50%和10%~40%，此外，虾青素在30%形成J聚集体，β-胡萝卜素在50%~70%形成J聚集体，叶黄素在60%~90%时为叶黄素单体。在水入有机的加样顺序下，形成聚集体的条件与有机入水相似。但是通过对比发现，在有机入水的加样顺序下，紫外可见光谱上吸收峰移动的现象更明显。探究聚集体稳定性发现，样品在室温（25 ℃）条件下放置24 h和48 h后，叶黄素的H聚集体类型不变，虾青素、β-胡萝卜素的H聚集体逐渐转化为J聚集体；虾青素与β-胡萝卜素的J聚集体则稳定存在。本文为类胡萝卜素及其聚集体形成条件及稳定性研究提供数据支撑，从而为今后类胡萝卜素及其聚集体在食品、药品、化妆品等领域的应用提供理论依据。

Study on Aggregation of Carotenoids in Hydrated Organic Solution System

Carotenoids have numerous biological activities which are beneficial for human health, and can be spontaneously aggregated to different aggregates in certain conditions. In this paper, the effects of different proportions of hydrated organic solutions and different adding sequences on the types of carotenoids aggregates (H aggregates, M monomer and J aggregates), formation conditions and stability of three carotenoids (astaxanthin, lutein and β-carotene) were investigated. The astaxanthin acetone solution, lutein ethanol solution and β-carotene acetone solution were mixed in two different dropping sequences: Water into organic and organic into water, according to the proportion of organic solvents in the total volume from 10% to 90%, and the resulting sample was observed and analyzed by the UV-vis absorption spectrum. These results showed that when the astaxanthin, lutein and β-carotene formed H aggregates the volume ratios of organic solvents were 10%~20%, 10%~50% and 10%~40%, respectively. Astaxanthin formed J aggregates at 30% and β-carotene formed J aggregates at 50%~70%, respectively. Lutein was a lutein monomer when organic solvent takes up 60%~90% of the total volume. The conditions for the formation of aggregates were similar to those of organic water in addition sequence. However, it was found that the movement of absorption peak in UV-vis spectrum was more obvious under the sequence of organic water addition. After the samples were placed at room temperature (25 ℃) for 24 h and 48 h, the stability of aggregates was investigated. The H aggregates of lutein remains unchanged, however the H aggregates of astaxanthin and β-carotene gradually transformed into J aggregates. This study provides data support for the formation conditions and stability of carotenoid aggregates, thus offering theoretical basis for the application of carotenoids and their aggregates in food, medicine, cosmetics and other fields.