红果参果化学成分及其α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性研究

为了探究红果参果化学成分及其α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。本实验以红果参果为材料，采用溶剂法制备红果参果乙醇提取物和粗多糖。采用紫外分光光度法测定其总黄酮、总花色苷、总多酚和多糖含量，进一步通过超高效液相色谱-飞行时间-串联质谱技术分析其化学成分。利用α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制模型考察粗多糖、乙醇提取物及其主要代表成分的体外α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用。结果表明，5个批次的红果参果粗多糖多糖含量为27.59%~37.59%；乙醇提取物的总黄酮含量为1.22%~1.77%，总花色苷为0.90%~1.14%，总多酚含量为13.11%~18.85%。红果参果乙醇提取物化学成分丰富多样，从中共鉴定出21个化合物，其中包含10个黄酮、3个有机酸、3个花色苷、3个酚酸、1个氨基酸和1个聚炔类成分。红果参果乙醇提取物、粗多糖和代表化合物木犀草素的α-葡萄糖苷酶的IC₅₀分别为7.52、37.43和8.03 μg/mL，明显高于阳性对照阿卡波糖（616.17 μg/mL）。本研究初步明确了红果参果的物质基础，并首次报道了红果参果具有潜在抗糖尿病活性，为红果参果的开发利用提供理论参考。

Phytochemical Composition and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity of Campanumoea lancifolia (Roxb.) Merr Fruit

Hong Guo Shen Guo (HGSG) are the fruits of Campanumoea lancifolia (Roxb.) Merr, which are mainly cultivated in Southwest China. This study was to investigate the ingredients from HGSG extracts and their α-glucosidase inhibition in vitro. The contents of polysaccharide, total flavonoids, total anthocyanins and total phenols in extracts from HGSG were measured using UV spectrophotometry. Chemical ingredients were further analyzed applying ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-time of flight-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS). The results showed that the content of crude polysaccharide in five batches of HGSG was 27.59%~37.59%. The total flavone content of ethanol extract was 1.22%~1.77%, the total anthocyanin content was 0.90%~1.14%, and the total polyphenol content was 13.11%~18.85%. Twenty one compounds were identified from HGSG, including 10 flavonoids, 3 phenolic acids, 3 organic acids, 3 anthocyanins, 1 amino acid and 1 polyacetylene. The ethanol extract, crude polysaccharide and luteolin of HGSG exhibited potent α-glucosidase inhibitory activities with IC₅₀ values of 7.52, 37.43 and 8.03 μg/mL, respectively, which were significantly higher than that of acarbose (616.17 μg/mL). This study preliminarily defined the material basis of HGSG, and reported for the first time that HGSG had potential anti diabetes activity, which would provide a theoretical reference for the development and utilization of HGSG.