腐乳中细菌群落结构与生物胺的相关性分析

通过高通量测序技术分析不同生物胺含量腐乳样品的细菌群落结构，测定相关环境因子，在此基础上探究菌群结构与生物胺含量之间的相关性。结果表明，腐乳中的优势菌门为厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）、变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、放线菌门（Actinobacteria）和拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes），四者的相对丰度之和在各样品中均达到91%以上；优势菌属包括芽孢杆菌属（Bacillus）、魏斯氏菌属（Weissella）、四联球菌属（Tetragenococcus）和假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas）；高低生物胺含量腐乳的组间主要差异菌属为芽孢杆菌属、魏斯氏菌属、假单胞菌属和赖氨酸芽孢杆菌属（Lysinibacillus）。相关性研究表明，总生物胺和总酸是影响细菌群落组成的主要因素（P<0.05）；生物胺含量主要与氨基酸态氮和pH等环境因子相关，腐乳样品的氨基酸态氮含量范围为0.62～0.86 g/100 g，pH变化范围在5.62～6.37之间；魏斯氏菌属、芽孢杆菌属和赖氨酸芽孢杆菌属丰度的增加与生物胺具有显著相关性；不动杆菌属（Acinetobacter）、丛毛单胞菌属（Comamonas）和四联球菌属与生物胺呈现负相关性。研究结果阐明了腐乳微生物群落结构与生物胺的关联性，为了解生物胺形成机制，有效控制生物胺和优化腐乳生产工艺提供了理论依据。

Correlation Analysis of Bacterial Community Structure and Biogenic Amines in Sufu

In order to investigate the correlation of bacterial community structure and biogenic amines in sufu, Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the bacterial community structure of sufu with different biogenic amines content and relevant environmental factors were determined. The results showed that Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes were the absolute dominant phyla and the relative abundance of the four phyla were more than 91% in sufu samples. Bacillus, Weissella, Tetragenococcus, and Pseudomonas were the main dominant genera in sufu. The main different genera between high and low biogenic amines content groups were Bacillus, Weissella, Pseudomonas and Lysinibacillus. Correlation analysis showed that biogenic amines and total acid were the main factors affecting bacterial community composition (P<0.05). The content of biogenic amines was mainly related to environmental factors such as amino acid nitrogen and pH. The content of amino acid nitrogen in sufu samples ranged from 0.62 to 0.86 g/100 g, and pH ranged from 5.62 to 6.37. Weissella, Bacillus and Lysinibacillus had a significant positive correlation with biogenic amines. Acinetobacter, Comamonas and Tetragenococcus had negtive correlation with biogenic amines. The research would elucidate the relationship between microbial community structure of sufu and biogenic amines, and provide a theoretical basis for understanding the formation mechanism of biogenic amines, effectively controlling biogenic amines and optimizing the production process of sufu.