福建名特花生氨基酸营养价值评价

目的:探明5种福建名特花生果仁的氨基酸组成特征及营养价值差异。方法:以赖坊花生、衙口小琉球花生、朱口小籽花生、文亨红衣花生、洋后花生为试验材料，采用酸碱水解法，使用氨基酸自动分析仪测定花生果仁氨基酸含量。以WHO/FAO推荐的蛋白模式和鸡蛋蛋白标准模式为参照，计算并比较花生果仁的氨基酸评分（AAS）、化学评分（CS）和氨基酸比值系数分（SRC）。结果:5种花生果仁均至少含有18种蛋白质氨基酸，其总蛋白质含量为29.88~33.18 g/100 g。必需氨基酸、非必需氨基酸、酸味类氨基酸、甜味类氨基酸、苦味类氨基酸、儿童必需氨基酸、药用氨基酸、增香与着色氨基酸、抗菌氨基酸、伯氨基氨基酸、支链氨基酸、芳香族氨基酸含量分别为7.83~8.95、19.71~22.53、8.93~10.29、6.01~6.86、10.24~11.58、4.12~4.68、19.44~22.23、14.28~16.01、3.63~4.11、17.11~19.76、3.95~4.44、3.14~3.53 g/100 g。衙口小琉球花生的含量最高，显著高于除洋后花生外的其他花生品种（P<0.05）。氨基酸评分、化学评分和氨基酸比值系数分依次为24.29~28.29、37.58~43.67、41.61~45.70。色氨酸和苯丙氨酸+酪氨酸含量相对过剩，亮氨酸等7种氨基酸含量相对不足，其中含硫氨基酸为第一限制性氨基酸。结论:5种名特花生果仁的蛋白含量达到一级食用花生标准，氨基酸种类齐全，具有较大的开发利用价值。

Assessment of Amino Acid Nutrition in the Several Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Varieties from Fujian,China

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the amino acid nutrition of different peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) varieties from Fujian, China. Method: Laifang peanut, Yakou xiaoryukyu peanut, Zhukou small seed peanut, Wenheng Hongyi peanut and Yanghou peanut were selected as experimental materials. The composition of amino acids of peanut kernel was analyzed by an amino acid automatic analyzer after hydrolysis. Based on the obtained data , the amino acid nutrition value was evaluated according to egg protein model and the ideal model recommended by WHO/FAO. A series of indexes, including the amino acid score (AAS), chemical score (CS), and score of ratio coefficient of amino acid (SRC), were calculated. Results: At least 18 amino acids were found in these peanuts. The contents of protein in these peanuts varieties ranged from 29.88~33.18 g/100 g. The contents of essential amino acids, non-essential amino acids, sour amino acids, sweet amino acids, bitter amino acids, essential amino acids for child, medical amino acids, flavoring and coloring amino acids, anti-bacteria amino acids, primary amine amino acids, branched chain amino acids, and aromatic amino acids were 7.83~8.95, 19.71~22.53, 8.93~10.29, 6.01~6.86, 10.24~11.58, 4.12~4.68, 19.44~22.23, 14.28~16.01, 3.63~4.11, 17.11~19.76, 3.95~4.44 and 3.14~3.53 g/100 g, respectively. The highest values of these indexes were found in Yakou xiaoryukyu peanut, which were obviously higher than others except Yanghou peanut (P<0.05). The values of AAS, CS and SRC in these peanuts were 24.29~28.29, 37.58~43.67, and 41.61~45.70, respectively. The contents of Lys, Val, Ile, Leu, Thr, and (Met+Cys) in these peanuts were insufficient, while the contents of Trp, Phe and Tyr were relatively surplus. The firstly restrict amino acid was Met+Cys. Conclusion: The protein content of five famous and special peanut from Fujian reached the standard of first-class edible peanut in China, indicating that these five peanuts have great utilization value.