超硬刀具现代切削加工中的重要手段

代表现代机械加工主流方向的高速切削加工，因顺应了21世纪机械加工高效率、高精度、柔性与绿色化的要求而迅速发展，这一技术主要应用于车削和铣削。高速干切削能消除切削液所带来的污染环境、危害工人健康的负面影响，是符合可持续发展要求的先进制造技术。精磨是轴承精加工中最常用的加工工艺，随着PCBN刀具的出现及数控机床等加工设备精度的提高，以硬态切削代替磨削来完成零件的最终加工已成为硬轴承钢的一个新的精加工途径。后继工序有超精加工或精度磨削要求时，硬态切削是最好的选择。要实现高速切削、干切削、硬态切削，精密和超精密切削，刀具材料是关键。而PCD、PCBN刀具为上述切削技术的实现提供了最基本的前提条件。

IMPORTANT TECHNIQUE FOR MODERN CUTTING WITH SUPERHARD ABRASIVE TOOL

High speed machining is getting rapid development for its high efficiency, high precision, flexibility and no environmental pollution. This technique is mainly used in turning and milling. Dry cutting in high speed can avoid environmental pollution and health problems caused by cutting fluid. Precision grinding is commonly used for bearing machining. With the spread of PCBN tools and precision increasing of NC machine and other tools, hard turning instead of grinding becomes a new method to complete machining of hardened bearing steel. If it is necessary to follow with process of ultraprecision cutting or precision grinding, hard cutting is one of the best methods. Cutting tool materials are the key point to realize high speed cutting, dry cutting, hard turning, precision and ultraprecision cutting. PCD and PCBN tools are essential for realization of the machining techniques mentioned above.