日粮纤维源对四川白鹅腿肌品质及营养成分的影响

选取1日龄健康的四川白鹅120只,随机分为苜蓿组、黑麦草组、燕麦草组和花生秧组,每组设3个重复,每个重复10只鹅,实验期共70d,探究不同纤维源日粮对鹅腿肌品质和营养成分的影响。结果表明:花生秧组肌肉的pH24h极显著高于其他处理组(P<0.01);黑麦草组肌肉色度值(C)极显著高于其他处理组(P<0.01),但色调值(H)极显著低于其他处理组(P<0.01);苜蓿组、黑麦草组、燕麦草组肌肉的剪切力值无显著差异(P>0.05);花生秧组肌肉的蒸煮损失率和滴水损失率极显著高于其他处理组(P<0.01);黑麦草组肌肉的水分含量显著高于花生秧组和苜蓿组(P<0.05);花生秧组肌肉的粗蛋白含量极显著低于其他处理组(P<0.01);苜蓿组和黑麦草组肌肉的粗脂肪含量极显著高于燕麦草组和花生秧组(P<0.01);苜蓿草组肌肉的缬氨酸含量极显著高于黑麦草组(P<0.01);花生秧组肌肉的苯丙氨酸含量最低,苜蓿草组氨基酸总量最高;除缬氨酸外,各组必需氨基酸的氨基酸评分均大于1,对于化学评分而言,除赖氨酸外,其他氨基酸评分均小于1,必需氨基酸指数以苜蓿组最大,花生秧组最小。饲以苜蓿源纤维有利于提高四川白鹅肌肉品质及营养成分。

Effects of Dietary Fiber Sources on Thigh Muscle Quality and Nutritional Composition of Sichuan White Geese

The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of different dietary fiber sources on the quality and nutritional composition of thigh muscle from Sichuan white geese. A total of 120 one-day-old healthy geese were divided into four groups with three replicates of 10 animals each, which received dietary supplementation of alfalfa, ryegrass, oat grass and peanut seedlings for 70 days, respectively. The results showed that the muscle pH24 h of the peanut seedling group increased significantly compared with the other groups (P < 0.01). The muscle chroma value (C) of the ryegrass group was significantly higher than that of the remaining groups (P < 0.01), while the hue value (H) was significantly lower (P < 0.01). There existed no significant difference in shear stress value between all groups except the peanut seedling group (P > 0.05). The cooking loss rate and drip loss rate of the peanut seedling group were significantly higher than those of any other groups (P < 0.01). The water content of the ryegrass group was significantly higher than that of the peanut seedling and alfalfa groups (P < 0.05). The crude protein content in the peanut seedling group was significantly lower than that in any other groups (P < 0.01). The crude fat content in the ryegrass and alfalfa groups was significantly higher compared with the other two groups (P < 0.01). Amino acid composition demonstrated that the valine content of the alfalfa group was significantly higher than that of the ryegrass group (P < 0.01);the phenylalanine content in the peanut seedling group was the lowest and the total amino acid in the alfalfa group was the highest. The essential amino acid scores (except valine) of each group were greater than 1, and the chemical scores for all amino acids except lysine were also less than 1. Essential amino acid index (EAAI) was the largest in the alfalfa group and smallest in the peanut seedling group. The above findings showed that feeding alfalfa fiber could improve the muscle quality and nutrients of Sichuan white geese.