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河东乌麦色素提取及其理化性质的研究
引用本文:余杰,郭慧敏,陈美珍.河东乌麦色素提取及其理化性质的研究[J].食品与发酵工业,2002,28(11):12-16.
作者姓名:余杰  郭慧敏  陈美珍
作者单位:汕头大学生物系,汕头,515063
摘    要:首次从河东乌麦麸皮中提取一种天然红色素 ,用酸性乙醇水溶液提取 ,粗色素得率为 14 .7%。经光谱学、薄层色谱及定性分析初步推断该色素为水溶性黄酮类花色苷色素 ,主要由 3种组分组成。理化性质试验表明 ,该色素吸收光谱随pH值而改变 ,pH =3 .0时 ,色素的λmax为 5 3 0nm ;该色素对短时间高温耐受性较好 ,但光稳定性及耐氧化还原性差 ;Zn2 + 、K+ 、Cu2 + 、Mn2 + 、Al3 + 、Ca2 + 、Mg2 + 对色素无不良影响 ,Fe3 + 使其变色 ;蔗糖、食盐、柠檬酸能使色素增色 ,茶多酚有突出的增色、稳定作用 ;质量分数 0 .1%的苯甲酸钠和山梨酸钾对色素影响不大 ;急性毒性实验表明该色素为实际无毒。

关 键 词:河东乌麦  色素  提取  理化性质
修稿时间:2002年7月13日

Study on the Physicochemical Properties and Extraction Process of Red Pigment from He Dong Black Wheat
Yu Jie,Guo Huimin Chen Meizhen.Study on the Physicochemical Properties and Extraction Process of Red Pigment from He Dong Black Wheat[J].Food and Fermentation Industries,2002,28(11):12-16.
Authors:Yu Jie  Guo Huimin Chen Meizhen
Abstract:A natural red pigment was extracted from the bran of He Dong black wheat for the first time. When a sour ethanol solution was used to extract, the total yield of raw pigment can reach 14.7%. It can be preliminarily concluded by the spectroscopy, thin layer chromatography and qualitative analysis that the pigment belonged to water soluble anthocyanines consisting of three kinds of components. Experiments on the pigment's absorption spectrum changed with the difference of pH value, when pH=3.0, λ max =530nm. It had fine heat resisting to high temperature in a short time, but poor optical stability, weak oxidation and reduction resistivities. Its colour was changed by Fe 3+ , increased by saccharose, common salt and citric acid, but not harmfully affected by Zn 2+ , K +, Cu 2+ , Mn 2+ , Al 3+ , Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ . Tea polyphenols was splendid helpful for the pigment's colour and stability. Potassium sorbate and sodium benzoate had not too effect on the pigment's stability under low concentration(0.1% m/m). It was testified that the pigment was factual innoxious by the acute toxicity experiment.
Keywords:He Dong black wheat  pigment  extraction  physicochemical properties
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