Persistence and efficacy of indoxacarb against three stored product insect species on wheat and maize |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Development, University of Thessaly, Greece;2. Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Pesticides Laboratory, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Development, University of Thessaly, Greece;3. Laboratory of Biometry, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Development, University of Thessaly, Greece;1. Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA;2. USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA;1. Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str., 11855, Athens, Attica, Greece;2. Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou str., Nea Ionia, 38446, Magnissia, Greece;3. Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Panepistimioupolis, 45110, Ioannina, Greece;1. Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou str., Nea Ionia, 38446, Magnissia, Greece;2. Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str., 11855, Athens, Attica, Greece;3. Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Panepistimioupolis, 45110, Ioannina, Greece;1. Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, 38446, Nea Ionia, Magnesia, Greece;2. Agricultural Cooperatives'' Union of Aeghion, 25100, Aeghion, Greece;3. Department of Nutrition, Harokopion University, 17671, Athens, Greece |
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| Abstract: | In the present study, we investigated the insecticidal efficacy of indoxacarb on wheat and maize, against adults of three major stored-grain species, the rice weevil, Sitophilius oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae) and the confused flour beetle, Tribollium confusum Jacquelin Du Val (Coleoptera). For this purpose, bioassays were carried out with indoxacarb at the doses 0.1, 1 and 10 ppm. Moreover, the treated grains were left at the laboratory for a period of six months, in order to examine the residual effect of indoxacarb, by conducting bioassays at monthly intervals. For S. oryzae and R. dominica, adults were exposed in the treated grains for 7 and 14 d, while for T. confusum adults were exposed for 14 and 21 d, in order to estimate the mortality level. After the termination of this interval, the treated samples were left for an additional period of 65 days, on which progeny production was recorded. R. dominica was by far more susceptible than S. oryzae, given that mortality, in many cases, reached 100% even after 7 d of exposure, even at the lowest dose rate of 0.1 ppm. At the same time, for this species, progeny production was low. For S. oryzae, mortality was low at 0.1 ppm, with high levels of progeny production. T. confusum was the least susceptible of the species tested. Generally, during the experimental period, the efficacy of indoxacarb was decreased, but mortality was higher on wheat than on maize. Indoxacarb residues determination by GC-ECD indicated that after 6 months 33% of the insecticide remains in grains at 0.1 ppm dose, about 40–50% at 1 ppm and about 40–60% at 10 ppm dose. Based on the results of the present work, indoxacarb is an effective grain protectant, at least in the case of R. dominica and S. oryzae. |
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| Keywords: | Grain protectants Indoxacarb Wheat Maize Residues |
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