稻草纤维-马铃薯淀粉复合材料热压制备工艺研究

以稻草纤维和马铃薯淀粉为主要原料,采用热压成型法制备稻草纤维复合材料,研究不同处理方法,纤维尺寸、淀粉基体与稻草纤维比例、热压温度和甘油含量对其力学性能和吸水率的影响。运用正交试验法对试验进行参数优化。结果表明:与仅经单一偶联剂处理的试样相比,NaOH复合处理试样的性能得到显著改善。纤维尺寸为60目,淀粉基体与稻草纤维比例(质量比)为1:1.5,甘油含量为40%,热压温度为150 ℃时,试样拉伸强度最大为1.93 MPa;淀粉基体与稻草纤维比例为1:2,纤维尺寸为60目,甘油含量为40%,热压温度为160 ℃时,试样弯曲强度最大为2.91 MPa;纤维尺寸为40目,淀粉基体与稻草纤维比例为1:2,热压温度为150 ℃,甘油含量为30%时,试样耐水性最好为112%。

Preparation of Straw Fiber-Potato Starch Composite Through Hot Pressing

The straw fiber composites with straw fiber and potato starch as the main raw materials were prepared under hot pressing conditions.The effects of different treatment methods,fiber size,ratio of starch matrix to straw fiber,hot pressing temperature and glycerin content on mechanical properties and water absorption were studied in this paper.The parameters used in the experiment were optimized by orthogonal test.The results indicate that the performance of the NaOH composite treated sample was significantly improved compared to the sample treated with only a single coupling agent.The fiber size was 60 mesh,the ratio of starch matrix to straw fiber(mass ratio)was 1:1.5,the glycerin content was 40%,and the hot pressing temperature was 150℃,and the tensile strength of the sample was 1.93 MPa;The ratio of starch matrix to straw fiber was 1:2,the fiber size was 60 mesh,the glycerin content was 40%,and the hot bending temperature was 160℃,and the maximum bending strength of the sample was 2.91 MPa;The fiber size was 40 mesh,the ratio of starch matrix to straw fiber was 1:2,and the hot pressing temperature was 150℃,the glycerin content was 30%,and the sample water resistance was preferably 112%.