红花椒和青花椒的挥发性化学成分比较研究

研究对两种常见的花椒精油成分进行了分析比较。用水蒸气蒸馏法从红花椒和青花椒中提取精油,红花椒和青花椒的产油率分别为6.8%和10%。用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)方法分别对两树种的针叶精油进行了定量和定性分析,从红花椒精油中分离出78种化学成分。鉴定了其中匹配度在80以上的31种成分,占挥发油总量的86.31%;青花椒精油中分离出60种化学成分。鉴定了其中匹配度在80以上的37种成分,占挥发油总量的92.88%。两种花椒精油的主要化学成分也有很大的不同。相同成分含量上也有较大差别。两种精油中,红花椒的主要成分及含量为:柠檬烯22.75%;芳樟醇,21.70%;3,7-二甲基-,3,7-辛三烯(罗勒烯)14.27%。青花椒中的主要成份及含量为:芳樟醇63.33%;D-柠檬烯5.75%;4-甲基-1-异丙基-3-环己烯-1-醇(萜烯醇)3.82%。其中青花椒芳樟醇的含量是红花椒中芳樟醇含量的3倍左右。两种精油中,主要的成分为烯类和醇类。

Comparison of essential oil compositions of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxin and Zanthoxylum schinifolium Sieb.et Zucc

In this paper,essential oils were abstracted from Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxin and Zanthoxylum schinifolium Sieb.et Zucc by hydrodistillation(HD) extraction.The yield of the essential oil were 6.8% 10% respectively.Their components and contents were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and compared.The results showed that 78 components were separated from Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxin among which 31 compounds were identified which account for 86.31% of the total essential oil.60 components were sep...