Eugenol,citral, and hexanal,alone or in combination with heat,affect viability,biofilm formation,and swarming on Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli |
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Authors: | Cindy Joanna Caballero-Prado Jose Angel Merino-Mascorro Norma Heredia Jorge Dvila-Avia Santos García |
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Affiliation: | Laboratorio de Bioquímica Y Genética de Microorganismos, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, 66455 San Nicolás de los Garza, NL Mexico |
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Abstract: | Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains are pathogenic for humans and cause mild to severe illnesses. In this study, the antimicrobial effect of citral, eugenol, and hexanal in combination with heat shock (HS) was evaluated in terms of the growth, biofilm formation, swarming, and expression of virulence genes of STEC serotypes (O157:H7, O103, O111, and O26). Eugenol was the most effective compound against the growth of E. coli strains (MBC = 0.58 to 0.73 mg/mL), followed by citral (MBC = 0.86 to 1.26 mg/mL) and hexanal (MBC = 2.24 to 2.52 mg/mL). Biofilm formation and swarming motility have great variability between STEC strains. Natural compounds—alone or combined with HS—inhibited biofilm formation; however, swarming motility was induced by most treatments. The expression of the studied genes during biofilm formation and swarming under natural antimicrobials was affected but not in a uniform pattern. These treatments could be used to control contamination of STEC and inhibit biofilm formation. |
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Keywords: | Escherichia coli Natural product STEC Virulence factor Biofilm Swarming |
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