棉秸秆提取天然纤维素纤维的工艺及其纤维形态结构

通过对棉秸秆皮外观观察以及定量测定各段棉秆皮成分含量，确定棉秸秆脱胶提取纤维素纤维分为三段脱胶。对棉秸秆一煮法工艺提取纤维素纤维，采用正交实验，以提取纤维的细度、拉伸断裂强度、残胶率、纤维可挠度为评价指标，通过利用模糊正交法综合评价方法，对不同段棉秸秆提取天然纤维素工艺进行研究。实验得到，第一段棉秆脱胶一煮法优化工艺为：NaOH浓度为35g/L，温度为100℃，时间为2.5h，双氧水浓度为10ml/L，第二段棉秆脱胶一煮法优化工艺为：NaOH浓度为30g/L，温度为100℃，时间为2.0h，双氧水浓度为10ml/L，第三段棉秆脱胶一煮法优化工艺为：NaOH浓度为30g/L，温度为90℃，时间为2.5h，双氧水浓度为8ml/L。通过JSM-6460LV扫描电镜观察了各段棉秸秆提取纤维素纤维的外观形态，提取的天然纤维素纤维属工艺纤维，纤维表面不光滑，且纤维表观粗细不均匀

Preparation of natural cellulose fibers from cotton-stalk and their structure and morphology

Cotton-stalk was divided into three sections through observing cotton-stalk bark appearance and testing constituents of different cotton-stalk sections bark. One-step degumming technology was used for obtaining natural cellulose fibers from cotton-stalk. Through Orthogonal experiment and orthogonal method of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method , and based on fibers fineness, tensile breaking strength, residual gum content and flexibility, natural cellulose fibers from different cotton-stalk sections were obtained. Experimental results showed that the degumming parameters of first cotton-stalk section were NaOH content 35g/l, temperature 100℃, time 2.5h, and H2O2 content 10ml/l; the degumming parameters of second cotton-stalk section were NaOH content 30g/l, temperature 100℃, time 2h, and H2O2 content 10ml/l , and the degumming parameters of third cotton-stalk section were NaOH content 30g/l, temperature 90℃, time 2.5h, and H2O2 content 8ml/l. The morphology of the fibers obtained from different cotton-stalk sections was observed using JSM-6460LV S.E.M. It was shown that the cellulose fiber was technical fiber, and the surface of the fiber was not smooth, the apparent fineness was not uniform.