壳聚糖纺丝原液性能及其湿法纺丝工艺

壳聚糖由于其优异的生物性能备受人们关注,但目前壳聚糖纤维的强度低,严重制约了其应用的领域。研究了乙酸的体积分数、温度以及壳聚糖的质量分数对壳聚糖纺丝原液稳定性的影响,并进行湿法纺丝工艺制备纯壳聚糖纤维。研究表明:纺丝原液壳聚糖的质量分数为3%～4%,乙酸的体积分数为2%,纺丝温度为30～50℃时,可得到力学性能良好的初生纤维;以5%NaOH加入适量乙醇和Na2SO4作凝固浴较好;适当增大凝固时间,提高卷绕速度,可得到高取向、高强度的壳聚糖初生纤维。

Properties of chitosan spinning dope and its wet-spinning process

The influences of acid concentration, temperature, and chitosan concentration on properties of chitosan spinning dope were studied, and the wet-spinning process of preparing chitosan nascent fiber were further discussed. The results show that chitosan of high degree of deacetylation is more easily dissolved in acetic acid and increases crystallization of chitosan nascent fibers. When preparing chitosan spinning dope, the concentration of acetic acid is at 2%(mol) and the temperature changes between 30 ℃ and 50℃. In the process of spinning, the coagulation bath consists of 5% NaOH and 95% water，and the efficiency of fiber formation and uniformity are improved by adding ethanol and Na2SO4 in it. The temperature of coagulation bath varies from 20 ℃ to 30 ℃. By prolonging the coagulation time and increasing wind-up speed, highly oriented and high-strength chitosan nascent fibers are obtained.