西瓜纤维素的提取及其吸液性能

为得到具有较高吸液性能的天然纤维素，以西瓜为原料，采用化学分离方法对其中纤维素的提取工艺进行了研究。通过单因素实验，研究了提取过程中NaOH质量分数、H2O2质量分数、反应温度、反应时间对西瓜纤维素质量分数的影响，在此基础上进行正交实验，确定了提取西瓜纤维素最佳工艺条件，即NaOH质量分数为4％、H2O2质量分数为10％、反应温度为60℃、反应时间为30min时，西瓜纤维素质量分数最佳，为86.52％。SEM观察表明西瓜纤维素具有特殊的中空结构。红外光谱分析表明提取样品成分主要含有纤维素。吸液倍率测试表明，当水温在40℃、Na+浓度为0.1mol/L时，西瓜纤维素的吸液倍率可以达到85g/g，显著高于天然棉纤维素的吸液倍率（40g/g）。

Extraction of Citrullus lanatus cellulose and its water absorbent property

In order to get natural cellulose of high water absorbent ability, the extraction condition of cellulose from citrullus lanatus by chemical separation technique was studied systematically in this paper. The factors which were NaOH mass fraction, H2O2 mass fraction, reaction temperature and reaction time affecting the extraction of citrullus lanatus were researched. The results of the orthogonal experiments showed that the optimum parameters were as follows: NaOH mass fraction was 4%, H2O2 mass fraction was 10%, reaction temperature was 60℃, reaction time was 30min.The mass fraction of the sample citrullus lanatus under the optimum condition was 86.52%. The SEM image showed that citrullus lanatus cellulose had special hollow structure; infrared spectrum analysis confirmed citrullus lanatus extract was cellulose. Absorption liquid ratio test showed that, when water temperature was 40oC and Na + concentration was 0.1mol/L, the water absorption rate of citrullus lanatus can reach 85 g/g, which improved significantly compared with the water absorption rate of natural cotton cellulose (40 g/g).