碳纳米管/Ni/聚苯胺纤维状超级电容器的制备及其电化学性能

为提高纤维状超级电容器的电容性能,将碳纳米管(CNT)纤维进行阳极氧化预处理、金属化处理和电沉积聚苯胺后得到不同的电极材料,分别将CNT、CNT/聚苯胺(CNT-PANI)、CNT/阳极氧化/聚苯胺(CNT-O-PANI)、CNT/阳极氧化/金属化/聚苯胺(CNT-O-Ni-PANI)这4种电极材料组装纤维状超级电容器,并对其结构和电化学性能进行研究。结果表明:经过阳极氧化和金属化处理后,聚苯胺均匀、紧密地分散在碳纳米管纤维表面,并且无团聚、结块等现象;CNT-O-Ni-PANI电极材料制备的超级电容器具有优异的储能性能,其比电容和能量密度远高于其他3种电极材料;在1 A/g的电流密度下,其比电容和能量密度分别为357.8 F/g和178.9 W·h/kg;在10 mV/s的扫速下,其比电容高达1 246.3 F/g;采用CNT-O-Ni-PANI所制备的超级电容器稳定性能较好,在5 A/g的电流密度下,经过10 000次恒流充放电循环后,其电容保持率仍高达99.7%。

Preparation and electrochemical performance of composite carbon nanotube/Ni/polyaniline fibrous supercapacitor

In order to improve the capacitance performance of fibrous supercapacitors, carbon nanotube (CNT) fibers were subjected to anodizing pretreatment, metallization treatment and electrodeposition of polyaniline to obtain different electrode materials. CNT, CNT/polyaniline (CNT-PANI), CNT/anodization/polyaniline (CNT-O-PANI), CNT/anodization/metallization/polyaniline (CNT-O-Ni-PANI) was used to assemble the fibrous supercapacitor separately, and its structure and electrochemical performance were studied. The results show that after anodic oxidation and metallization, polyaniline was uniformly and tightly dispersed on the surface of the CNT fibers, and there was no agglomeration phenominon. The supercapacitor prepared by CNT-O-Ni-PANI electrode material has excellent energy storage performance, and its specific capacitance and energy density are much higher than the other three electrode materials. At a current density of 1 A/g, its specific capacitance and energy density are 357.8 F/g and 178.9 W·h/kg respectively, and at a scanning speed of 10 mV/s, its specific capacitance is as high as 1 246.3 F/g. The CNT-O-Ni-ANI supercapacitors have better stability performance, and at a current density of 5 A/g, the capacitance retention rate is still as high as 99.7% after 10 000 constant current charge and discharge cycles.