聚酰胺6基弹性纤维的制备及其结构与性能

针对传统二元酸法制备聚酰胺6(PA6)基弹性体时不能灵活调整软硬段比例的问题，引入乙二醇辅助聚乙二醇(PEG)满足化学计量数平衡，以灵活调控PEG占比进行嵌段共聚。通过控制己内酰胺、己二酸和PEG的配比和相对分子质量制备不同软硬段比例与长度的PA6基弹性体，进一步对可纺性良好的弹性体进行熔融纺丝制备得到PA6基弹性纤维。探究了PA6基弹性体及纤维的热性能、晶型结构、力学性能和弹性性能与链结构之间的关系。结果表明：PA6基弹性体的晶型结构由PA6链段主导，随着PEG链段含量的增多，纤维的弹性回复率增大，但断裂强度与断裂伸长率下降；与PA6纤维相比，含有超过20%PEG的弹性纤维在定伸长超过10%的阶段中表现出更高的回弹性，弹性回复率提升最大达17.5%;系列PA6基弹性纤维中综合性能最优样品断裂强度达1.57 cN/dtex,断裂伸长率为106.89%,10%定伸长弹性回复率达94.3%。

Preparation of polyamide 6-based elastic fibers and its structure and properties

Objective The binary acid method can be used for preparing polyamide 6 (PA6) based elastomer easily and efficiently, but stoichiometric number balance is strictly required when feeding. Once the molecular mass of the soft and hard segments is determined, the proportion of the soft and hard segments cannot be changed, which limits the development of functional products.The paper is to propose a new polymerization method based on the binary acid method to flexibly adjust the relative molecular weight and proportion of the soft and hard segments of PA6-based elastomers and to provide the basis for the subsequent research of PA6-based elastomers.