红麻纤维的化学脱胶工艺

 由于红麻纤维木质素含量较高，脱胶工艺效果不佳，严重制约了人们对其的开发利用。本文通过预氧、碱煮、脱胶后处理（尿素浸泡和机械开松）工艺，运用化学与物理相结合的方法对红麻纤维进行脱胶加工，对影响脱胶效果的因子进行了探讨。试验结果表明：双氧水用量为10%（o.w.f），NaOH用量为6.5%（o.w.f）、Na2S用量为8%（o.w.f），煮练温度为95℃，煮练时间为140min，尿素浸泡时，质量浓度为3g/L时可达到最佳溶胀效果；机械开松前后，纤维细度（支数）提高了15%、断裂强度仅下降4.7%。经上述工艺可使红麻纤维断裂强度达到3.85 cN/dtex，细度（支数）可达738公支，其可纺性指标以及纤维品质均有明显改善，为后续纺纱利用奠定了基础。

Chemical degumming of kenaf

Owing to the enriched lignin content of Kenaf, the poor effects of degumming process restricted its development and use seriously. Preoxidation, soda boiling, degumming process and final treatment (soaking in urea and mechanical loosening) were used, the degumming process were proceeded by both chemical and Physical method, and the effect factors of degumming process were discussed. The results indicate that the optimum technological parameter of degumming process are as follows: The dosage of H2O2 is 10% (o.w.f), NaOH is 6.5% (o.w.f133) and Na2S is 8% (o.w.f). Temperature of boiling-off is 95℃, and time is 140min. Dosage of mass concentration is 3g/L when soaking in urea. The maximum impact of swelling under these conditions can be obtained. And fineness of fibers improved 15%, while the breaking strength of fibers decreased only 4.7% after mechanical loosening. Breaking strength of fibers is up to 3.85cN/dtex, and fineness 738Nm under these conditions. Both the spinning property and the quality of fibers improved significantly, which can do some good to spinning process.