纺织品及服装的工业水足迹核算与评价

为在纺织工业中引入水足迹理论,加强纺织品及服装生产中的水资源管理,阐述了纺织品、服装的工业水足迹的概念,重点分析讨论了纺织品与服装工业水足迹核算和评价中的核算边界、核算方法、数据拆分原则和结果评价基准等关键问题。结合纺织品及服装生产加工工艺、耗水和产污排污特点认为:纺织品及服装工业水足迹的核算需明确时间边界和空间边界,并重点关注直接工业水足迹的核算;废水回用可有效减小工业蓝水足迹,初始工业灰水足迹能直观反映工业废水的水环境负荷;基于产量和产值的整体数据合理拆分可提高核算结果的准确度;工业水足迹的内部评价对减少单类产品的水耗和产污量更有指导意义。

Calculation and assessment of industrial water footprint of textiles and apparel

In order to improve the water resource management for the industrial production of textiles and apparel with water footprint methodology, the concept of industrial water footprint of textiles and apparel was introduced firstly. Then the key issues, including calculation boundary, calculation method, allocate principle of integrate data and assessment benchmark, in the calculation and assessment of industrial water footprint of textiles and apparel were discussed in detail. In light of the characteristics of fresh water consumption and waste water discharge in textiles and apparel industrial production processes, it was considered that the time boundary and input-output boundary must be defined before the calculation of industrial water footprint. Direct industrial water footprint is the key point of the calculation. Wastewater recycling can reduce blue industrial water footprint effectively and original grey industrial water footprint is the direct indicator of the environmental loads caused by industrial wastewater. Allocate principles with yield or value can increase the accuracy of the calculation results. The internal assessment is more meaningful for the reduction of fresh water consumption and pollutants emission for the specific product.