不同植物蛋白质对大鼠肠道菌群的影响

目的:以酪蛋白为参照,观察麦绿素、大豆蛋白和花生蛋白等3种植物蛋白质对生长期大鼠肠道菌群结构的影响。方法:生长期雄性SD大鼠36只,随机分为4组,分别饲喂含20%酪蛋白(酪蛋白组)、14%酪蛋白加6%麦绿素(麦绿素组)、20%大豆蛋白(大豆蛋白组)和20%花生蛋白(花生蛋白组)的人工半合成饲料,28d时连续收集7d的粪便,测干、湿质量,35d后经直肠取粪检测5种肠道常见菌群的数量。结果:3种植物蛋白组平均日排出粪便量均显著高于对照组;花生蛋白组日排出粪便湿重、粪便干重和粪便含水率均显著高于其它3组;花生蛋白组双歧杆菌数量显著增加,肠杆菌和产气荚膜梭菌数量显著减少,B/E值大幅上升。大豆蛋白组肠杆菌和肠球菌数量显著增加,B/E值显著降低。麦绿素组大鼠肠道菌群结构与酪蛋白组无显著差异,不同来源的蛋白质对乳杆菌数量影响不大。结论:花生蛋白对双歧杆菌有增殖效果,对大鼠肠道菌群有很好的调节作用。

Effects of Diet Formulations Containing Proteins from Different Sources on Intestinal Flora in Growing Rats

Objective: Compared to casein, observe the effects of barley leaves protein, soybean protein and peanut protein on intestinal flora in growing rats. Methods: Thirty six male growing SD rats were divided into four groups by random and fed either diets containing 20% casein (CG) , 14% casein plus 6% barley leaves protein (BLPG) and 20% peanut protein ( PPG) . At the 28th of treatment, the feces of rats were collected respectively for 7 days, and at the 35th, the feces were taken out from rectums of rats and the intestinal flora were analyzed. Results: The mean amount of feces excretion of the rats in either the plant protein groups was significantly higher than that of casein; The fresh feces weight, dry feces weight and faecal water content of PPG were all significantly higher than that of the other three groups. Compared to CG, the bifidobactacteria amount increased notably but the Enterobacteria and Clotridium perfringensa amount reduced significantly of the rats in PPG, gone with the B/E value increased remarkably; Reverse to this, the Enterobacteria and Enterococcus amounts of SPG were significantly higher along with the B/E value was significantly lower than that in CG. The structure of intestinal flora was not differ significantly between BLPG and CG, and the Lacttobacill amount was not influenced by a different protein intake. Conclusion: Peanut protein could improve the reproduction of bifidobactacteria and regulate the structure of intestinal flora in rats.