射频加热防治5种储粮害虫的初步研究

储粮害虫是造成粮食数量和质量损失的重要因素,为了寻求绿色、安全、生态的杀虫技术,本研究针对小麦中5种主要储粮害虫,使用频率为40.68 MHz的射频杀虫仪研究物理加热杀虫技术。针对粮库中常见的耐温害虫谷蠹,研究射频处理时间、极板间距及粮层厚度对射频杀虫的影响。筛选出射频杀虫的最优条件,在此条件下研究对赤拟谷盗、锯谷盗、长角扁谷盗和玉米象的杀灭效果,并初步分析射频处理对小麦成分的影响。结果表明,针对使用的射频杀虫仪,粮层厚度9 cm、极板间距10 cm、处理时间330 s为最优杀虫条件,在该条件下,其余4种主要害虫的死亡率均达到90%以上。射频处理对小麦中的水分、湿面筋值等成分不会造成显著变化,不影响小麦的食用价值。本研究为射频加热物理防治储粮害虫提供重要的基础参数,也为储粮害虫的绿色生态综合控制技术提供了新思路和新方法。

Preliminary Study on radio frequency control of five kinds of stored grain pests

Stored grain pests are important factors causing grain quantity and quality loss. In order to develop an effective, novel, and safe method of controlling stored grain pests, this study aimed at radio frequency physical heating to control five main stored grain pests in wheat. The radio frequency was a pilot-scale, 40.68MHz system. Rhizopertha dominica Fabricius was used to investigate the effects of treatment time, distance between two polar plates and the thickness of grain. Screening out the optimal conditions for radio frequency insecticide and studying the mortality rate of Tribolium castaneum Herbst?Oryzaephilus surinamensis Linnaeus?Cryptolestes pusillus Schoenherr?Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky under the conditions. Then analyzing the effect of radio frequency treatment on the component of wheat preliminarily. The results show that the optimal condition was 9cm grain depth, 10cm polar plates distance and 330s treatment time. Under such conditions, the mortality rate of 4 major pests has reached more than 90%. Radio frequency treatment did not cause significant changes for important parameters such as moisture and wet gluten in wheat. This study provides important basic parameters for radio frequency heating physical control of stored grain pests, and also provides new ideas and new methods for green ecological integrated control technology of stored grain pests.