大豆分离蛋白/可溶性大豆多糖作为生物活性物质 包埋载体的研究进展

目前大豆分离蛋白（soy protein isolate，SPI）和可溶性大豆多糖（soluble soy polysaccharide，SSPS）均已实现工业化生产，其在食品领域中得到了广泛的应用。作为生物大分子物质，以SPI和SSPS为壁材来包埋疏水性小分子生物活性物质受到众多学者的关注。以姜黄素为代表的疏水性小分子物质经SPI或SSPS包埋后，其水溶性、热稳定性、pH稳定性、盐稳定性、生物利用率等均得到有效改善。与SSPS相比，SPI包埋的微胶囊具有更好的荷载量、水溶性和热稳定性，但酸性条件下SSPS包埋的微胶囊则较为稳定。此外，SPI与SSPS复合所形成的核-壳结构又能更进一步提高其微胶囊的水溶性、荷载率和溶液稳定性。这些研究为其商业化应用提供了实验理论依据。本文将从SPI和SSPS的功能特性、微胶囊制备及其对生物活性物质的影响等方面进行阐述，为两者作为小分子生物活性物质包埋载体的相关研究提供理论参考。

Research Progress of Soy Protein Isolate/Soluble Soybean Polysaccharide as Embedding Carrier for Bioactive Substances

Nowadays, soy protein isolate (SPI) and soluble soy polysaccharide (SSPS) have been industrialized and widely used in the food field. As a kind of biomacromolecule, it has attracted many scholars'' attention that SPI and SSPS are used as wall materials to embed hydrophobic bioactive small molecules. The water solubility, thermal stability, pH stability, salt stability and bioavailability of hydrophobic small molecules (curcumin as a representative) embedded in SPI or SSPS were effectively improved. Compared with SSPS, the microcapsules embedded with SPI have better loading amount, water solubility and thermal stability. However, the microcapsules embedded in SSPS are more stable under acidic conditions. Besides, the core-shell structure formed by SPI and SSPS can further improve the water solubility, encapsulation efficiency and solution stability of microcapsules. These researches provid experimental theoretical basis for their commercial application. In this paper, the functional characteristics and microcapsule preparation of SPI and SSPS, and their effects on bioactive substances were reviewed, which provided theoretical reference for the related research on SPI and SSPS as the embedding carrier for bioactive small molecules.