Driving performance and road sign identification by multifocal contact lens wearers in a driving simulator |
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| Affiliation: | 1. The Ohio State University College of Optometry, United States;2. The Ohio State University Driving Simulator Laboratory, United States;1. School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2033, NSW, Australia;2. College of Applied Medical Science, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 16278, Saudi Arabia;3. Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2145, NSW, Australia;4. Centre for Vision Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2145, NSW, Australia;5. Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London EC1V 9EL, United Kingdom;1. Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel;2. Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel;3. Naomi Vision Boutique, Jerusalem, Israel;4. College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK;1. Centre for Ocular Research & Education, Waterloo, Canada;2. School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada;3. Schaeffer Eye Center, Birmingham, Alabama, United States;4. BBR Optometry, Hereford, United Kingdom;1. Department of Ophthalmology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Ophthalmology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Ophthalmology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea;4. Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China;5. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea;6. Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea;1. Department of Psychology, University of Milano Bicocca, Milano, Italy;2. Institute of Research and Studies in Optics and Optometry, Vinci, Italy;3. School of Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences (Optics and Optometry), University of Florence, Italy |
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| Abstract: | PurposeThe purpose of this study was to compare sign identification distances and driving performance metrics in presbyopic participants while wearing multifocal contact lenses (MFCL) and while wearing progressive addition lens (PAL) spectacles.Methods19 presbyopic participants completed PAL spectacle assessments and contact lens fitting and follow up visits before driving assessments began. These assessments occurred in a simulator equipped with a full-sized sedan on a motion platform and a 260 degree screen. Participants completed the driving task with PAL and with MFCL. Participants followed a lead car and identified signs at various distances from the road. For the two wearing conditions, comparisons of the distance along the road at which signs were identified were made using repeated measures ANOVA. Paired t-tests were used to compare driving performance for the two conditions.ResultsThere was no statistical difference in sign identification distance between PAL and MFLC for signs 32.0 m from the road side of the road (182 ± 46 m for MFCL; 205 ± 45 m for PAL; P = 0.07) or 51.4 m from the side of the road (204 ± 43 m for MFCL; 216 ± 36 m for PAL; P = 0.3). Only signs 70.2 m from the roadside showed a significant difference (207 ± 42 m with MFCL; 232 ± 39 m with PAL; P = 0.01), All distances were greater than those required to safely stop a vehicle. There were no significant differences in the driving performance metrics between the refractive corrections.ConclusionDriving performance metrics were similar for MFCL and PAL spectacles. Sign identification distances with both eyewear types were well within the distances required for safe vehicle stopping. |
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| Keywords: | Multifocal contact lenses Progressive addition lenses Driving simulator Driving performance |
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