广西水牛原料乳微生物和理化指标分析

按不同种群从广西取80个水牛原料乳样品，通过理化和微生物指标检测，对水牛乳营养价值和安全性进行了分析比较．主要理化检测结果如下：脂肪7．32％，蛋白质4．71％，乳糖4．67％。固形物18．42％，灰分0．84％（均为质量分数），pH值为652，密度1.030g／mL。纯种河流型水牛摩拉和尼里-拉菲的脂肪、蛋白质、固形物、灰分舍量显著低于（P〈0.05）河流-沼泽型杂交水牛。微生物检测结果如下（对数值）：细菌总数5．69mL^-1，茅孢菌3．03mL^-1，乳酸菌4．79mL^-1，真菌1．80mL^-1，大肠菌群2．48mL^-1，大肠杆菌1．83mL^-1，金黄色葡萄球菌1.80mL^-1，所有样品中李斯特氏苗均未检出。地区间微生物指标差异较大。微生物含量均在可接受范围之内，但是致病菌的出现说明需要建立相关的卫生质量标准.

Analysis of microbiological and chemical compositions of buffalo milk in Guangxi

80 samples of raw buffalo milk of different breeds were collected from Guangxi,through chemical and microbiological analysis,the nutritional value and microbiological safety were evaluated.The average levels of chemical compositions were: fat 7.32%(v/v),crude protein 4.71%(w/w),lactose 4.67%(w/w),total solids 18.42%(w/w),ash 0.84%(w/w),and pH 6.52,density 1.030 g/mL.The crude protein,fat,total solids and ash contents of milk from river buffalo's,Murrah and Nili-Ravi were significantly lower than those of river-swamp crossbreed buffalo.The average levels of microbiological analysis were(log cfu mL-1): counts of total mesophilic aerobic bacteria 5.69,bacterial endospores 3.03,lactic acid bacteria 4.79,fungi 1.80,coliforms 2.48,Escherichia coli 1.83,and Staphylococcus aureus 1.80.Listeria spp.were below detection level in any of the samples.Most of the microbiological compositions distributed differently between areas.The microbiological quality of buffalo milk was judged acceptable although the presence of pathogens indicates the need for improved hygienic standards.