水生动物中甲砜霉素的药理学作用及检测技术研究进展

甲砜霉素是第二代氯霉素类广谱抗菌药物,对革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌都具有很好的抑制作用,在水产养殖中对鱼和甲鱼等水生动物的疾病防治有非常显著的疗效。随着对甲砜霉素研究的逐步深入,发现其在水产品和环境中药物残留问题不但威胁消费者的健康,并且制约水产行业的发展。因此国内外制定了甲砜霉素最大残留限量标准,而灵敏、高效和准确的残留检测分析方法对研究甲砜霉素显得至关重要。本文就近年来甲砜霉素在水生动物中的药理学、残留限量和残留检测技术研究进展3个方面进行综述,全面梳理和总结了甲砜霉素在水生动物体内的代谢残留规律、国内外残留限量标准和现今较为常用的检测技术,以期为水生动物疾病防治、合理用药方案制定和药物残留限量控制提供更全面的理论参考依据。

Research progress on pharmacology and detection technology of thiamphenicol in aquatic animals

Thiamphenicol is the second generation of chloramphenicols broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents, which has a good inhibitory effect on gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria, and has obvious curative effect on prevention and treatment of aquatic animal diseases such as fish and aquatic turtle in aquaculture. With the development of researches on thiamphenicol, it is found that the problem of drug residues in aquatic products and environment not only threatened the health of consumers, but also restricted the development of aquatic products industry. Therefore, the maximum residue limit standards for the preparation of thiamphenicol were developed at home and abroad, and the sensitive, efficient and accurate methods for residue detection and analysis were of great importance to the study of the preparation of thiamphenicol. This article reviewed the recent research progresses of thiamphenicol pharmacology, aquatic animal residues and residue detection technologies, and then combed and summarized the metabolic residue rules of thiamphenicol in aquatic animals, residues standards at home and abroad and commonly used detection technologies, in order to provide a more comprehensive theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of aquatic animals diseases, the formulation of rational use of drugs and the control of drug residues limits.