舟山海域麻痹性贝类毒素污染情况及其2种检测方法比较

目的检测舟山东极与嵊泗枸杞2个海域养殖贻贝中的麻痹性贝类毒素(paralytic shellfish poison,PSP),比较小鼠生物测定法与酶联免疫分析法(ELISA)的测定结果。方法采用小鼠生物测定法与酶联免疫吸附法检测贝类中的麻痹性贝类毒素,并将2者的检测结果进行比较分析。结果 2种检测方法检测的麻痹性贝类毒素含量结果基本一致。5月份东极岛海域的厚壳贻贝中检出PSP((500±3.2)MU/100 g),超标率为5%;嵊泗枸杞海域贝类PSP含量较低,未超出安全食用标准。2个海域的紫贻贝PSP含量均未超出安全食用标准。结论小鼠生物法与ELISA方法的评价结果基本一致,其检测出的PSP结果可以为摄入PSP风险评估提供数据支撑。由于ELISA方法的检测成本较高,因此可采用小鼠生物法进行麻痹性贝类毒素风险监测。

Investigation of paralytic shellfish poison in waters of Zhoushan and comparison of 2 detection methods

Objective To investigate the paralytic shellfish poison (PSP) in Dongji and Gouqi of Zhoushan and compare the results of two different methods, mouse bioassay and ELLISA. Methods The concentrations and profiles of PSP in bivalves were determined by mouse bioassay and ELLISA, and the results were compared. Results The results of mouse bioassay and ELISA were almost the same. The concentration of PSP in Mytilus coruscus, which was (500±3.2) MU/100 g determined in May in Dongji, was higher than the security standard, with the exceeding rate of 5%. The content of PSP was low in Shengsi, which was not beyond the security standard. PSP was not detected in Mytilus edulis in two waters. Conclusion The results of mouse bioassay and ELISA were almost the same, so mouse bioassay can provide strong data support for the risk assessment of PSP intake. Due to the lower cost of mouse bioassay than ELISA, it is more suitable to use mouse bioassay to monitor the risk of PSP.