丁香酚在水产品中的残留及风险评估研究进展

受我国南北气候、地理环境和养殖条件的限制，鲜活水产品为满足不同市场的需求，需要经过长途运输。而运输过程中鲜活水产品受应激胁迫、机体受伤感染、水质恶化等因素影响，不仅引起水产品存活率降低，而且造成产品质量下降。丁香酚有较强的麻醉作用，广泛应用于口腔牙科麻醉，现也作为渔用麻醉剂应用到鲜活水产品运输过程中。虽然我国逐渐开展丁香酚应用、残留检测、风险评估等方面的研究，但关于水产品中麻醉剂丁香酚从应用到残留风险评估的综合性研究综述较少。本文旨在通过对丁香酚国内外标准规定、使用现状、麻醉机理和应用、残留检测方法、残留风险评估以及前景展望等方面进行说明和探讨，以期为我国丁香酚在水产养殖运输环节中的合理使用提供依据和参考。

Research progress of eugenol residue and risk assessment in aquatic products

Restricted by the north-south climate, geographical environment and culture conditions in China, fresh aquatic products need to be transported over long distances to meet the needs of different markets. During transportation, fresh aquatic products are affected by factors such as stress, injury and infection, and deterioration of water quality, which not only cause a decrease in the survival rate of aquatic products, but also cause a decline in product quality. Eugenol has a strong anesthetic effect and is widely used in oral dental anesthesia. It is also used as a fishery anesthetic in the transportation of fresh aquatic products. Although China has gradually carried out researches on the application of eugenol, residue detection, risk assessment, etc., there are few comprehensive studies on the application of the anesthetic eugenol in aquatic products to residual risk assessment. The purpose of this article is to explain and discuss the domestic and international standards, usage status, anesthesia mechanism and application, residue detection methods, residue risk assessment, and prospects of eugenol, to provide basis and reference for the reasonable use of eugenol in aquaculture transportation in China.