食品安全风险治理中公众参与的制度设计

当下食品安全的信任危机极其严重,提升公众对行政机关风险决定的信任非常必要。风险治理中是否非得有公众参与,不同的国家有着不同的公众参与模式。鉴于我国当下的实际情况,建议分两种情况进行制度设计,即否定风险存在的风险决定需要公众参与和肯定风险存在的风险决定公众可以不必参与。这样的制度设计一方面是防止因公众参与而导致风险决定不能及时发布,另一方面也防止行政机关在否定风险时而不考虑公众的意见,单方作出风险决定。因此,本文从食品安全风险治理中公众参与的必要性、有效性的检测和制度选择3个方面进行综述,通过了解我国食品安全风险治理中公众参与制度的现状,为食品安全风险治理中公众参与制度的设计和完善提供理论依据。

System design on public participation in food safety risk governance

The trust crisis of food safety is extremely serious, and it is necessary to enhance the public''s trust on the risk decision of the administrative organs. Many countries have different modes of public participation in risk governance. We think it is divided into two kinds in our country. It is not necessary that the public could participate about affirmative risk decision because administrative organs can make risk decision timely, and in the other hand it is necessary that the public can participate about negative risk decision because it can prevent the administrative organs fail to take into account the public opinion. Therefore, the necessity, the effectiveness of the detection and selection system of public participation of food safety risk governmencem were reviewed to introduce the current situation of system of public participation of food safety risk governmencem in this article, which provided the theory basis for design and improvement of public participation of food safety risk governmencem.