超声联合过氧乙酸清洗对生姜品质的影响

目的 考查浸泡、振荡、超声单独或协同方式及其联合过氧乙酸(peroxide acetic acid, PAA)清洗对生姜表面泥沙、微生物去除效果及对贮藏品质的影响。方法 比较水清洗、PAA溶液清洗、超声清洗及其组合的12种清洗方式对生姜表面泥沙、霉菌和酵母菌、电解质泄漏率、呼吸强度、失重率、总酚含量、总黄酮含量、抗氧化性等比较分析得出最佳的清洗方式。结果 与水振荡清洗相比, PAA显著提高了泥沙清洁率(5.31%降低至4.50%) , 且与超声清洗协同可显著增加清洁率(4.50%降低至1.85%), 清洗前浸泡显著提高泥沙清洁率(约0.7%)。PAA清洗降低生姜表面微生物约0.8 log CFU/g, 而联合超声后可降低2.2 log CFU/g。超声促进了电解质泄漏, 超声处理时间越长, 电解质泄漏率越高。储藏期间清洗的生姜失重率显著增加, 超声清洗30 min后生姜储藏期间呼吸强度显著升高。与水振荡清洗相比, PAA溶液对生姜总多酚、总黄酮含量没有显著影响, 但超声波清洗30 min总酚含量显著下降, 抗氧化活性变化趋势与之一致。结论 使用PAA溶液, 先浸泡, 然后超声, 最后振荡(各10 min)的联合清洗方式是生姜最佳的清洗方式。

Effects of ultrasonic combined with peroxide acetic acid washing on the quality of ginger

Objective To investigate the effects of soaking, oscillation, ultrasound alone or in combination with peracetic acid (PAA) on earth and microbial removal and storage quality of ginger. Methods The best cleaning method was obtained by comparing the 12 kinds of washing methods including water washing, PAA solution washing, ultrasound washing and their combination were compared to analyze the surface earth, mold and yeast, electrolyte leakage rate, respiratory intensity, weight loss rate, total phenol content, total flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity of ginger. Results PAA significantly increased the earth washing rate (ash content decreased from 5.31% to 4.50%) compared with pure water oscillation washing, and significantly decreased the ash content in coordination with ultrasound washing (ash content decreased from 4.50% to 1.85%). Soaking before washing significantly increased the earth removal rate (about 0.7%). PAA solution washing reduced the microorganisms on ginger surface by 0.8 log CFU/g, while combined ultrasound reduced the microorganisms by 2.2 log CFU/g. Ultrasound treatment promoted electrolyte leakage, and the longer the ultrasound treatment time, the higher the leakage rate (EL). The weight loss rate of ginger washed during storage was significantly increased. After ultrasound washing for 30 min, the respiratory intensity increased significantly during ginger storage. Compared with water oscillation washing, PAA solution had no significant effect on the content of total polyphenols and flavonoids in ginger, but the content of total phenols decreased significantly after ultrasound washing for 30 min, and the trend of antioxidant activity was consistent with that. Conclusion Using PAA solution, soaking (10 min) first, then ultrasound treatment (10 min) and finally shaking (10 min) is the best way to wash ginger.