夏枯草中7种重金属元素的测定及污染等级分析

目的 检测夏枯草中铅、镉、汞、砷、铜、锌、铬的含有量,并进行污染等级分析。方法 夏枯草中的7种重金属元素经电感耦合等离子体质谱测定,采用单项指数法和综合指数法对其进行污染等级分析。结果 7种重金属元素在各自浓度范围内呈良好线性,样品加标回收率为84.5%～109.5%,RSD为2.3%～5.1%。将测得的重金属元素结果与《中华人民共和国药典》2020年版等标准规定的限量值进行比较,19批样品中铬元素超标、7批样品中锌元素超标,超标率分别为100.0%、36.8%,其余重金属元素含量均未超标,单项指数从大到小排序为铬、锌、镉、汞、铜、砷、铅,综合污染等级均值为轻度污染及以上。结论 夏枯草主要受铬元素污染,其次是锌元素；该实验可为夏枯草中重金属元素限量标准的起草提供基础数据。

Determination and pollution grade analysis of 7 kinds of heavy metal elements in Prunella vulgaris L.

Objective To detect the content of Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Cu, Zn, Cr in Prunella vulgaris L., and analyze the pollution level. Methods Seven kinds of heavy metal elements in Prunella vulgaris L. were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and the pollution grade was analyzed by single factor index method and synthetical index method. Results The seven heavy metal elements showed good linearity in their respective concentration ranges. The recoveries of the samples were 83.3%?108.4%, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were 2.1%?5.3%. Comparing the measured results of heavy metal elements with the limit values stipulated in the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and other standards, the Cr element in 19 batches of samples exceeded the standard, and the Zn element in 7 batches of samples exceeded the standard. The exceeding rates were 100.0% and 36.8%, respectively, and the content of other heavy metal elements did not exceed the standard. The order of individual index from large to small was Cr, Zn, Cd, Hg, Cu, As, Pb, and the average comprehensive pollution level was light pollution and above. Conclusion Prunella vulgaris L. is mainly polluted by Cr, followed by Zn, this study can provide basic data for drafting of the limit standard for heavy metal elements in Prunella vulgaris L..