静电纺丝纳米纤维膜基光化学传感器的制备及其在重金属检测中的应用进展

化学传感器特别是光化学传感器已经被广泛研究,并应用于检测目标物如食品中的重金属。静电纺丝纳米纤维膜由于具有高比表面积、高孔隙率、可控性良好和易功能化等特点,可以被用来固定传感器以提高其灵敏度。本文主要综述静电纺丝纳米纤维膜基光化学传感器的制备及其在重金属离子检测中的应用进展。首先,简单介绍光化学传感器及静电纺丝纳米纤维膜基光化学传感器,随后根据其制备方法的差异分为高分子聚合物化学修饰法、高分子聚合物物理共混法、纳米纤维化学修饰方法和纳米纤维物理吸附方法4类,并分别综述其制备得到的静电纺丝纳米纤维膜基光化学传感器应用于重金属检测的进展,这4类方法各有优势,都具有较好的应用前景。本文将为静电纺丝纳米纤维膜基光化学传感器用于目标物的检测提供指导。

Research progress on preparation of electrospun nanofibrous membrane-immobilized optical chemosensors and their applications in heavy metals detection

Chemosensors, especially optical chemosensors, have been widely investigated for fast detection of analytes such as heavy metals in food science. In order to improve the detection sensitivity, recently electrospun nanofibrous membranes (ENMs) have been explored for the immobilization of chemosensors due to their high surface-to-volume ratio, high porosity, controllability of nanofiber properties, and easiness of functionalization. This review is to summarize the preparation of ENM-immobilized optical chemosensors and their application for the heavy metal detection. Firstly, optical chemosensors and ENM-immobilized optical chemosensors are introduced. Then, the preparation methods of ENM-immobilized optical chemosensors are classified into four types: polymer-based chemical modification, polymer-based physical blending, nanofiber-based chemical modification, and nanofiber-based physical adsorption.The application progress of the four types of ENM-immobilized optical chemosensors for heavy metal detection is reviewed. These four methods have their advantages and disadvantages. The review will provide a guide to develop ENM-immobilized optical chemosensors for the detection of analytes.