食品中甲基汞检测技术研究进展

甲基汞因其生物蓄积性和持久性而成为毒性最强的污染物之一。近年来,色谱和原子荧光或等离子体质谱的联用技术已经成为甲基汞检测的主要方法,将色谱的高效分离技术与光谱和质谱高灵敏度的检测技术结合起来,可以满足目前甲基汞检测的需要。常见的食品中甲基汞检测分提取、分离和测定3个步骤。本文对甲基汞检测的不同方法进行综述,并讨论了实验步骤中甲基汞的转化过程。分析了包括酸式、碱式、有机试剂以及蒸馏提取在内的不同提取方法的特点;比较了包括液相色谱、气相色谱在内的常见分离方法的分离效果;对比了电感耦合等离子体质谱法(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,ICP-MS)和原子荧光法(atomic fluorescence spectrometry,AFS)这2种常见检测方法的优劣。展望了食品中甲基汞测定的发展方向,为今后甲基汞分析方法的开发和标准化提供了思路和借鉴。

Recent progress on detection methods of methyl mercury

Among all the species of mercury, methyl mercury is considered as one of the most toxic contaminants due to its bioaccumulation and bio-durability. Chromatography utilized with spectrometry has been developed as the most advanced method for methyl mercury detection. Good separation effect in chromatography mythology and high sensitivity of spectroscopy industry contribute to a developed methyl mercury detection method. There are three common procedures involved in methyl mercury detection: extraction, separation and detection process. Scientific articles about methyl mercury detection methods have been issued and the probable transforming of methyl mercury during the experiment procedures has been discussed. Extractions including acidic extraction, alkaline extraction, organic extraction and distillation extraction have been compared; separation techniques such as liquid chromatography and gas chromatography have been discussed; detection mythology containing Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy has been demonstrated in the article. A discussion for the future plan of this methyl mercury detection methods has been provided as a conclusion in the end of the paper.