样品前处理QuEChERS法及新型吸附材料在水产品中抗生素残留分析中的应用进展

抗生素的不合理使用，给水产品带来了一系列的潜在食用安全风险。品种繁多且残留痕量的抗生素也为食品安全检测带来了新的挑战，发展准确、快速、简便、高效且安全的前处理方法尤为重要。QuEChERS法作为一种新型样品前处理技术，现已逐渐应用到水产品抗生素残留检测中，并可实现较好的回收率。由于水产品中蛋白质和脂类含量高，样品基质复杂，使用经典QuEChERS法无法满足抗生素分析需求，改良其提取方法和净化方法是保证分析结果的关键。本文综述QuEChERS法原理特点，总结归纳其在针对水产品抗生素分析上的主要方法改良手段，并就近十年来改良QuEChERS法在水产品抗生素残留分析中的应用进行文献归纳，同时介绍新型吸附材料在该领域的使用，为探索新的净化方式提供参考，以期帮助检测人员持续优化改进QuEChERS法，推动和扩大QuEChERS法在水产品抗生素残留分析中的应用范围。

Application progress of sample pretreatment QuEChERS method and new adsorbents materials in the analysis of antibiotic residues in aquatic products

The irrational use of antibiotics poses a series of potential food safety risks to aquatic products. Furthermore, the wide variety and trace amount of antibiotics also bring a tough challenge for food safety detection. It is particularly important to develop a quick, easy, cheap, effect, rugged and safe pretreatment methods. QuEChERS method, as a new sample pretreatment technology, has been gradually applied to the detection of antibiotic residues in aquatic products, and can achieve a better recovery rate. Due to the high content of protein and lipid in aquatic products, the classical QuEChERS method cannot meet the needs of antibiotic analysis. The improvement of extraction method and purification method is the key to ensure the analysis results. This paper reviews the principle characteristics of QuEChERS method, summarizes the main methodological improvements for the analysis of antibiotics in aquatic products, and reviews the literature on the application of the improved QuEChERS method for the analysis of antibiotic residues in aquatic products in the last decade. Nevertheless, introduces the use of new adsorbent materials in this field to provide a reference for exploring new purification methods. The purpose of this study is to help inspectors to continuously optimize and improve QuEChERS method, and promote and expand the application scope of QuEChERS method in the analysis of antibiotic residues in aquatic products.