蓝莓采后贮藏保鲜技术研究进展

蓝莓果实具有很高的营养价值和药用价值,因其含水率高,成熟于高温多雨季节,采摘期集中,采后易受机械损伤和微生物侵染而腐烂变质,耐贮性和耐运输性较差。随着国内外市场的需求和蓝莓加工业的发展,蓝莓的需求量呈逐年上升的趋势。但蓝莓的采后贮藏保鲜技术仍不能满足产业发展的需求,是制约蓝莓产业发展的关键问题。近年来,国内外学者对其贮藏技术进行了深入的研究和实践,取得了较好的贮藏效果。本文介绍了蓝莓果实采后的贮藏性能,重点综述了近5年来蓝莓采后贮藏保鲜技术研究进展,保鲜技术主要包括冷藏、气调贮藏、辐照处理、1-甲基环丙烯处理、涂膜处理、化学药剂保鲜等主要措施,并对未来蓝莓保鲜技术的发展方向进行展望,旨在为今后更深入的研究提供借鉴和参考。

Research advances on technologies for postharvest storage and preservation of blueberry

Blueberries, which have high nutritional value and medicinal value, are susceptible to mechanical damage and microbial infection on account of high moisture content, maturing in high temperature and rainy season, so there are a short picking period and low storage and transport resistance. As the demand of the market at home and abroad and the development of blueberry industry, the demand for high-quality blueberries is growing. Postharvest storage of blueberries still cannot meet the needs of fit-processing industry development, which restricts the development of the blueberry industry. Storage and preservation technologies for blueberries have been developed and practiced satisfactorily in recent years by Chinese and foreign researchers. In this paper, the quality characteristics of blueberry during postharvest storage were described with emphasis on preservation technologies of postharvest blueberries in the past five years. The major technologies included cold storage, modified atmosphere fresh-keeping technology, irradiation treatment, 1-MCP treatment, coating treatment, chemical preservation, and so on. Moreover, the future development trends were prospected with the aim of providing references for the storage and preservation of blueberries.