果蔬品质安全近红外光谱无损检测研究进展

我国果蔬产量和销量均居世界首位, 生产和消费正由产量规模型向质量效益型转变, 对果蔬品质安全检测的要求与日俱增。当前, 果蔬采后品质分级、安全检测和货架期评价尚处于人工或简单机械的粗略检测阶段, 果蔬的内在组分和内部缺陷采用破坏性抽检, 货架期采用人工经验式, 效率低且成本高。近红外光谱检测技术具有无损伤、快速绿色、适于现场检测和在线分析等优势, 适于构建果蔬快速、高精度、智能化的检测系统。本文分析了果蔬产业的发展现状及关键技术需求, 阐述了近红外光谱技术的基本原理, 分别从果蔬内部光传输特性、内在组分检测、隐形缺陷判识、货架期评价4个方面论述了国内外近红外光谱技术在果蔬品质安全检测应用中的最新研究进展, 深入分析了近红外光谱技术在果蔬品质安全检测中的存在的问题, 并指出了解决思路和进一步研究的方向。

Research advances in nondestructive detection of fruit and vegetable quality and safety by near infrared spectroscopy

Chinese fruits and vegetables rank first in the world both in output and consumption. The patterns of production and consumption are changing from production scale to quality benefit. The assurance for quality and safety inspection of fruits and vegetables is increasing demand. At present, the quality classification, safety detection and shelf life evaluation of fruits and vegetables are still in the rough detection stage of manual or simple machinery. The internal components and defects of fruits and vegetables are destructive sampled, and shelf life is based on practical experience, with low efficiency and high cost. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) has the advantages, such as non-destructive, fast, environment friendly, which is suitable for on-site detection and online analysis, and is feasible to construct fast, high-precision and intelligent detection system for fruits and vegetables. This paper analyzed the development status and key technical requirements of fruit and vegetable industry, and the basic principle of NIR was expounded. The latest research progress of near infrared spectroscopy in quality and safety detection of fruit and vegetable was discussed from 4 aspects: internal optical transmission characteristics, internal component detection, invisible defect identification and shelf life evaluation. This paper analyzed the problems existing in NIR technology in fruit and vegetable quality and safety detection, and pointed out the solution ideas and further research directions.