LuxS/AI-2群体感应系统及其对细菌致病性和耐药性的调控

群体感应是指细菌在生长过程中产生一些低分子量的信号分子, 通过信号分子来感知种群密度变化, 从而调节相关基因表达和群体行为的过程。不同细菌利用不同类型的信号分子交流, 其中自诱导分子2(Autoinducer-2, AI-2)信号分子存在于革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌中, 是一种种间交流的信号分子。AI-2是一类呋喃酰硼酸二酯, 其合成依赖于S-核糖同型半胱氨酸酶(S-ribosylhomocysteinase, LuxS), 能调控细菌的多种重要生理过程, 包括毒素的分泌、生物膜的形成和耐药性等。本文综述了LuxS/AI-2群体感应系统及其对细菌致病性和耐药性的影响及调控作用, 以期为解析食源性致病菌的致病性及耐药性作用机制、研制新型抗菌药物、控制食源性致病菌的感染提供新思路。

LuxS/AI-2 quorum sensing of bacteria and its regulation on pathogenicity and antimicrobial resistance

Quorum sensing is the process in which bacteria regulate the expression of related genes and population behaviors through recognizing the population density by some signal molecules with low molecule weight that are produced during the growth period. There are different types of signal molecules in different bacterial species. Autoinducer-2 (AI-2) has been deemed as a language between Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria for intra-species communication. AI-2 belongs to furanosyl boronated diester, whose synthesis is depended on S-ribosylhomocysteinase (LuxS). AI-2 involves in many important bacterial physiological processes, including toxin secretion, biofilm formation and antimicrobial resistance, etc. This paper summarized LuxS/AI-2 quorum sensing system and its effect and regulation on pathogenicity and antimicrobial resistance of bacteria, so as to provide a new strategy for revealing the pathogenicity and resistance mechanisms, developing new antimicrobials and controlling foodborne pathogen infection.