广州市蔬菜类凉拌菜中微生物污染状况调查及大肠埃希氏菌耐药现象研究

；目的 了解广州市蔬菜类凉拌菜的微生物污染状况及大肠埃希氏菌耐药情况,为食源性疾病的预防和控制提供科学依据。方法：从广州市的超市、集贸摊点采集300份凉拌菜,依据GB 4789-2016进行微生物检验,用VETIK 对检出的大肠埃希氏菌进行药敏试验,PCR法检测致泻性大肠埃希氏菌毒力基因。结果：300份样品中大肠菌群检出率为41.7%,大肠埃希氏菌检出率为6.7%,金黄色葡萄球菌检出率为2.0%,未检出沙门氏菌。药敏结果显示大肠埃希氏菌对头孢唑啉的抗性最高(40.0%)、其次为氨苄西林(30.0%),对其它受试抗生素不具有耐药性,且无多重耐药菌株。20株大肠埃希氏菌中检出3株致泻大肠埃希氏菌。结论：广州地区蔬菜类凉拌菜中存在较为严重的微生物污染,食源性大肠埃希氏菌具有一定的耐药现象,应加大卫生监督力度,保障食品安全。

Microbial contamination and antibiotic resistance analysis of Escherichia coli in vegetable cold dishes in Guangzhou

Objective To investigate the contamination status of microbial and test Escherichia coli antibiotic resistances in vegetable cold dishes in Guangzhou, so as to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of foodborne diseases. Methods 300 cold dishes were collected from supermarkets and trade stalls in Guangzhou, and microbial testing was carried out according to GB 4789-2016, drug-susceptility testing were performed by VETIK of Escherichia coli, and the virulence genes of Diarrhoea Escherichia coli were examined by PCR. Results The detection rate of coliform group in 300 samples was 41.7%, the detection rate of Escherichia coli was 6.7%, the detection rate of Staphylococcus aureus was 2.0%, and Salmonella was not detected. The drug sensitivity results showed that Escherichia coli had the highest resistance to cefazolin (40.0%), followed by ampicillin (30.0%), and did not have resistance to other antibiotics, and there were no multidrug-resistant strains. 3 strains of diarrhoea Escherichia coli were detected in 20 strains of Escherichia coli. Conclusion: There were serious microbial contamination in the cold dishes in Guangzhou, and the food borne Escherichia coli remained at a low drug resistance level, however, health supervision should be strengthened to ensure food safety.