海洋贝类多糖的研究进展

海洋中蕴藏丰富的生物资源,有着许多结构新颖、作用特殊的活性多糖。我国贝类资源丰富,品种繁多,扇贝、鲍鱼、贻贝、牡蛎、菲律宾蛤仔、青蛤等产量均居世界前列。这些海洋贝类富含活性多糖,具有抗衰老、抗肿瘤、抗病毒、提高免疫力、降低血糖、血脂、血压等多种生物学活性,因其很高的营养价值和保健功效,已成为目前全球研究和开发的热点。研究海洋贝类多糖的提取、分离和纯化技术,分析其结构、生物活性和构效关系,能够实现海洋贝类资源高值化利用,同时,积极推进海洋生物产业和健康产业的发展。本文对海洋贝类多糖的提取、纯化、结构与活性方面的研究现状进行了综述,并进行了展望,旨在为海洋贝类资源的高附加值开发提供理论支持。

Progress of polysaccharides isolated from marine shellfish

The sea is rich in biological resources, including many active polysaccharides with novel structure and special function. Shellfish in China is rich in resources and variety. Yields of Scallop, Abalone, Mytituscoruscus, Crassostrea, Ruditapes philippinarum and Cycline sinensis occupy the front rank of the world. These marine shellfishes are rich in polysaccharides, with anti-aging, anti-tumor, anti-virus, immunity improvement, blood glucose reduction, blood lipid reduction, blood pressure reduction and other biological activities. Marine shellfish polysaccharide has become a research focus around the world because of its high nutritional value and health effects. Studying the technology of extraction, separation and purification of marine shellfish polysaccharide, and analysis of its structure, biological activity and structure-activity relationship of marine shellfish can realize high value utilization of marine shellfish resources, and promote the development of marine industry and the health industry at the same time. This paper summarized the present situation of extraction, purification, structure and activity of marine shellfish polysaccharides and provided an outlook, in order to provide theoretical support for the high value-added development of marine shellfish resources.