新鲜葱姜蒜混合物与炒制后的葱姜蒜油挥发性风味物质的对比研究

目的 确定新鲜葱姜蒜混合物和经油高温炒制后葱姜蒜油中挥发性风味物质的主要成分, 明确新鲜葱姜蒜混合物和葱姜蒜油中的挥发性风味物质差异。方法 采用固相微萃取法(solid-phase microextraction, SPME)结合气相色谱-质谱法(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, GC-MS)对新鲜葱姜蒜样品和葱姜蒜油样品的挥发性风味物质进行分离鉴定, 并进行气味活度值分析和主成分分析。结果 从新鲜葱姜蒜中共检出化合物81种挥发性成分, 包括烃类43种、醚类17种、醇类3种、酮类4种、酸类2种、酯类4种、杂环类8种。炒制后的葱姜蒜油中检出19种挥发性风味物质, 包括烃类9种、醚类2种、醇类5种、醛类2种、酸类1种, 其中烃类物质减少10.37%, 醚类物质减少10.08%, 醇类物质上升18.43%, 醛类物质上升4.47%, 酸类物质上升2.63%。结论 葱姜蒜混合物与炒制后的葱姜蒜油的挥发性风味物质存在差异, 醛类、醇类、酸类物质是差异的主要来源, 并可能为炒制后的葱姜蒜油中的风味起到主要贡献作用。

Comparative study on volatile flavor substances in fresh scallion-ginger-garlic mixture versus scallion-ginger-garlic oil after frying

Objective To determine the main components of volatile flavor substances in fresh scallion-ginger-garlic mixture and scallion-ginger-garlic oil after high temperature frying, and clarify the differences of volatile flavor substances in fresh scallion-ginger-garlic and scallion-ginger-garlic oil. Methods The volatile flavor substances in fresh scallion-ginger-garlic samples and scallion-ginger-garlic oil were separated and identified by solid phase microextraction (SPME) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), odor activity value analysis and principal component analysis were performed. Results A total of 81 kinds of volatile compounds, including 43 kinds of hydrocarbons, 17 kinds of ethers, 3 kinds of alcohols, 4 kinds of ketones, 2 kinds of acids, 4 kinds of esters and 8 kinds of heterocyclic compounds, were detected in fresh scallion-ginger-garlic, and 19 kinds of volatile flavor substances, including 9 kinds of hydrocarbons, 2 kinds of ethers, 5 kinds of alcohols, 2 kinds of aldehydes and 1 kind of acid, were detected in the scallion-ginger-garlic oil, including 10.37% decrease in hydrocarbons, 10.08% decrease in ethers, 18.43% increase in alcohols, 4.47% increase in aldehydes and 2.63% increase in acids. Conclusions There are differences in volatile flavor substances in the scallion-ginger-garlic mixtures and scallion-ginger-garlic oil after frying, the aldehydes, alcohols, and acids are the main sources of the differences, and may play a major contribution to the flavor of fried scallion-ginger-garlic oil.