免疫学技术在食品安全快速检测中的应用研究进展

随着人们对于食品安全问题的关注程度不断增加,食品安全快速检测方法得到了广泛应用。目前常用的食品安全快速检测技术包括免疫学技术、酶抑制技术、传感器技术、生物芯片技术等。免疫学检测技术具有灵敏度高、特异性强、方便、快速和经济等优点,在食品安全快速检测中发挥了重要的作用。免疫学技术在食品安全领域广泛应用的主要有免疫吸附法和免疫层析法两大体系,其中免疫吸附法以酶联免疫吸附检测法(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)最常用,而免疫层析法则以胶体金免疫层析技术(colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay,GICA)为代表。本文介绍了免疫学技术在食品安全快速检测中应用的原理及特点,并对酶联免疫吸附检测技术和胶体金免疫层析技术近几年来在食品安全快速检测中的应用进展进行了综述。

Research advances of application of immunology technique in rapid detection for food safety

With the increasing attention to food safety, food safety rapid detection methods have been widely used. At present, the common rapid detection technologies of food safety include immunology technology, enzyme inhibition technology, sensor technology and biochip technology, etc. Immunological detection technology has advantages of high sensitivity, specificity, convenience, rapid and economy, and plays an important role in the rapid detection of food safety. In the field of food safety, immunology techniques mainly include 2 major systems: immunosorbent assay and immunochromatography assay. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is most commonly used in the immunosorbent assay, and immunochromatography assay is represented by colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay (GICA). This paper introduced the principles and characteristics of immunology techniques in food safety rapid detection, and reviewed the application of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and colloidal gold immunochromatographic technique in food safety and rapid detection in recent years.