影响单点金刚石切削表面质量的因素

单点金刚石切削(single point diamond turning,简称SPDT)是一种使用纳米金刚石刀具进行加工的生产过程。而纳米单晶金刚石刀具具有刃口锋利、可反复成形和耐磨性高等特点。该方法能够使微米至亚微米级制造组件的形状精度和表面粗糙度控制在纳米级的范围内。单点金刚石切削优异的表面成形质量和面形精度,使该技术被广泛地应用于制造各种精密机械和光学部件,如注射成型塑料镜头和扫描反射镜。虽然单点金刚石切削满足了很多高精密零件的制造需求,但目前所了解的影响因素和表面生成的机制仍不完善,在生产中有很多因素会影响到单点金刚石的表面质量和面形精度,如主轴转速、进给速度和切削深度等,本文对此进行了分析。

Factors Affecting Quality of Ultra-precision Diamond Turning

Single-point diamond turning （SPDT） is a machining process that making use of a monocrystal diamond tool which possesses nanometric edge sharpness, forming reproducibility and wearing resistance. The process is capable of pro- ducing components with micrometre to suhmierometre form accuracy and surface roughness in the nanometre range. The su- perior surface finish and form accuracy of SPDT allow the technology to be adopted widely for the manufacture of a variety of precision mechanical and optical parts such as scanner mirrors and mould inserts for injection mould plastic camera lenses. Although SPDT has satisfied many needs in the manufacture of high precision components, our understandings of the factors and the mechanisms of surface generation are still far from perfect. There are many factors that can make an effect on sur- face finish and form accuracy of SPDT such as spindle speed, feed rate, deepness of cut and so on. This paper described how these factors affect the SPDT.