蛋形耐压壳设计与分析

基于蛋壳几何学特性,开展了蛋形耐压壳结构设计与性能分析。根据鹅蛋形状扫描、宏观尺寸统计试验,研究蛋壳圆度、体积、表面积及蛋形系数分布规律,建立体积方程、表面积方程及蛋形函数;设计了4 km水深蛋形耐压壳,并定量分析其安全性、储备浮力、空间利用率、水动力学特性等性能;采用正交试验,研究长轴、短轴、厚度对蛋形耐压壳性能影响规律。结果表明,鹅蛋壳为高度对称结构,其蛋形系数符合均值为0.69的正态分布;蛋形耐压壳具有良好的综合性能,其中厚度是影响强度的重要因素,长轴次之,短轴最小;长轴是影响屈曲的重要因素,厚度次之,短轴最小;厚度是影响浮力系数重要因素,短轴次之,长轴影响最小;长轴是影响空间利用率的重要因素,短轴次之,厚度影响最小;水动力学特性主要受短轴影响。

Design and Analysis of Egg-shaped Pressure Hulls

Structure design and performance analysis of egg-shaped pressure hulls are performed according to geometric properties of eggshells. Shape and size of goose eggs are tested to study roundness, volume, surface area and shape index of these eggshell. Functions of volume, surface area and counter for the eggshell are proposed as well. An egg-shaped pressure hull at a depth of 4 km is designed based on experimental results of eggshell. Furthermore, main properties of the egg-shaped pressure hull are evaluated quantitatively. These properties include safty, buoyancy reserve, interior arrangement and hydrodynamics. Effects of length, width and thickness on the properties of the egg-shaped pressure hull are investigated by orthogonal test design. The results show that goose eggshells are highly symmetrical. The shape index follows a normal distribution with the mean value of 0.69. The egg-shaped pressure hull has superior properties. It is found that the most important influencing factor on the strength is thickness, following is length and the least is width. The most important influencing factor on the buckling is length, following is thickness and the least is width. The most important influencing factor on the buoyancy factor is thickness, following is width and the least is length. The most important influencing factor on the space utilization is length, following is width and the least is thickness. The hydrodynamic characteristics are mainly affected by width.