金属塑性成形的晶体塑性学有限元模拟研究进展

综述了金属塑性成形过程中晶体塑性有限元模拟的理论背景和应用方面的研究进展,同时总结了国内研究者该领域的研究现状,指出了晶体塑性有限元模拟所要解决的问题及研究重点。晶体塑性理论起源于20世纪20 年代,包括单晶塑性本构理论和多晶塑性本构理论,能够深刻揭示材料变形的规律。与此同时,开始于30多年前的有限元法也已经日益成为求解材料成形理论公式的有效工具。晶体塑性有限元法作为一个强大的模拟工具将二者有机地结合在一起,已经广泛地用于模拟材料的微观结构和各种力学响应,越来越被材料界和力学界的研究者所重视;然而,无论是在理论方面还是应用方面晶体塑性有限元法都还不尽完善。未来晶体塑性有限元模拟的理论研究重点是建立系统的理论架构用于预测由滑移和孪晶引起塑性变形材料的各种力学响应,应用研究重点是运用各种模型模拟其他与织构相关的性能或参数。晶体塑性有限元模拟不仅能够深化人们对材料成形规律的理解, 而且可以不断推进晶体塑性理论的发展。

DEVELOPMENT ON CRYSTAL PLASTICITY FINITE ELEMENT MODELING IN METAL FORMING

The theory background and applications of crystal plasticity finite element modeling (CPFEM) in metal forming are reviewed as well as domestic research condition in the field of CPFEM. Finally, problems and emphasis on CPFEM are suggested. Crystal plasticity theory stemming from 1920s includes single crystal constitutive theory and polycrystal constitutive theory, which disclosures laws of material deforming. Finite element method (FEM) beginning thirty years ago has also been increasingly an effective tool for solving theory equations of material forming. As a powerful modeling tool bonding crystal plasticity with FEM organically, CPFEM has been applied in simulating material microstructures and different mechanical responses, which is more and more focused by material and mechanical researchers. However, both the theory and applications of CPFEM are not perfect. The future research emphasis of CPFEM theory is to build a systematic theory framework to predict many mechanical responses for plasticity deformation caused by both slip and twinning mechanism. Applications focus on other properties and variables related to texture. CPFEM can deepen one's understanding to material forming law and propel the theory development of crystal plasticity.