高速列车转向架构架损伤、等效应力及寿命分布特性研究

为分析高速列车转向架构架损伤、等效应力及寿命分布特性，对构架疲劳关键测点进行动应力线路实测并对测点实测时域数据波形进行解析；基于实测应力时间历程及雨流计数法编制二维应力谱，利用Goodman等寿命方程将二维应力谱等效转换为一维应力谱；阐述线性累积损伤及非线性累积损伤模型的建立方法并对实测数据的线性累积损伤及非线性累积损伤进行了计算及对比分析；分别基于线性累积损伤理论及非线性累积损伤理论推导出各理论下的等效应力，基于实测数据对两种等效应力进行了计算及对比分析；通过结合非线性累积损伤及线性累积损伤理论计算的等效应力及不同可靠度下的材料S-N曲线计算并对比分析构架结构的疲劳寿命。研究结果表明，与非线性疲劳分析理论相比，线性疲劳分析理论对高速列车转向架构架的疲劳特性评估偏于保守。

Study on Damage,Equivalent Stress and Life Distribution Characteristics of Bogie Frame of High-speed Train

In order to analyze the damage, equivalent stress and life distribution characteristics of bogie frame of high-speed train, the dynamic stress railway line measurement of the key fatigue points of frame is carried out and the time-domain data waveforms of the measured points are analyzed. Based on the measured stress time history and rain flow counting method, the two-dimensional stress spectrum is compiled, and the two-dimensional stress spectrum is transformed into one-dimensional stress spectrum by using the Goodman equal life equation. The establishment methods of linear cumulative damage model and nonlinear cumulative damage model are described. The linear cumulative damage and nonlinear cumulative damage of measured data are calculated and compared. Based on the linear cumulative damage theory and the nonlinear cumulative damage theory, the equivalent stresses under each theory are deduced, and the two equivalent stresses are calculated and compared based on the①measured data. The fatigue life of frame structure is compared and analyzed by combining the equivalent stress calculated by nonlinear cumulative damage theory and linear cumulative damage theory, and by calculating and comparing the fatigue life of the frame structure under different reliability. Compared with the nonlinear fatigue analysis theory, the linear fatigue analysis theory is conservative in evaluating the fatigue characteristics of high-speed train bogie frame.