舰船用水润滑轴承微观界面润滑机理研究

针对水润滑轴承微观界面润滑状态和润滑机理存在的不清楚、不明朗等问题，开展微凹痕对轴承微观界面润滑机理影响的研究。在建立单一微凹痕内部流体动力学模型的基础上，研究微凹痕内部涡流结构变化特性，分析微凹痕内部流场动力学特征，讨论形貌特征参数与润滑性能的变化规律，证明流体动力学特性随表面形貌的演化规律，验证微凹痕对轴承微观界面润滑机理的影响规律，从而提出微尺度下水润滑轴承润滑理论，并从微观层面探究粗糙峰与轴承润滑状态转变之间的关系，进而提出判断润滑状态转变的微观尺度标准。结果表明，微动压效应、微空化效应、微惯性效应三者共同构成水润滑轴承微观界面的润滑机理，大量微凹痕累积进而可以增强轴承承载能力、降低摩擦功耗。

Investigation on the Micro Interface Lubrication Mechanism of Water Lubricated Bearing of Large Ships

The present focuses on the problems of unclear lubrication regime and mechanism of micro interface of water lubricated bearing. The influences of micro dents on the micro interface lubrication mechanism of water lubricated bearing are studied. Based on the establishment of a single micro dent hydrodynamic model, the variation characteristics of the vortex structure in the micro cavity are investigated. The dynamic characteristics of the internal flow field of the micro dent are clarified, the variation laws between the morphology characteristic parameters and the lubrication performance are explored. The evolution law of the dynamic characteristics with the surface morphology is demonstrated, the influences of micro dents on the micro interface lubrication mechanism of bearings are verified. The lubrication theory of micro-scale water lubricated bearing is proposed. The relationship between the roughness peak and the change of lubrication regime is explored from the micro level, and the micro-scale standard for judging the change of lubrication regime is proposed. The results show that micro pressure effect, micro cavitation effect and micro inertia effect together constitute the lubrication mechanism of the micro interface of water lubricated bearings. The accumulation of a large number of micro dents can enhance the bearing capacity and reduce friction power consumption.