基于国际专利分类表知识社团发现和重组的功能创新策略*

提出从国际专利分类表(International patent classification，IPC)中发现功能知识社团并进行功能创新的方法。通过从IPC中提取并分析功能动词的共现关系，构建功能动词共现网络。选用Newman贪婪算法(CNM算法)对功能动词共现网络进行社团发现，归纳了网络节点之间的4种典型拓扑关系，对社团内部和跨社团的节点之间的拓扑关系进行分析。根据功能动词节点连接的拓扑特征定义了4种类型的功能中介节点，对应提出4条重组相关社团节点的策略，以实现产品功能创新。作为应用实例，从IPC所有条目中提取与排水和干燥共现的功能动词，构建了85个节点的功能动词共现网络，成功地发明了一种利用排水能量供电的亮度可调的管道照明系统。

Functional Innovation Strategies Based on IPC Knowledge Community Detection and Reorganization

The method of detecting functional knowledge community and function innovation from the international patent classification (IPC) is proposed. Through the extraction and analysis of the co-occurrence relationship of functional verbs from IPC, a functional verb co-occurrence network is constructed. The CNM algorithm is used to detect communities in the functional verb co-occurrence network. Four typical topological relations between the nodes of the network are summarized. The topological relations between the internal and inter community nodes are analyzed. According to the topological features of the node connection of the functional verbs, four types of functional intermediary nodes are defined, and four strategies are proposed to realize product function innovation. As an application example, functional verbs from all entries of IPC with co-occurrence relationship with draining and drying are extracted, and a functional verb co-occurrence network including 85 nodes is constructed. A pipeline lighting system with function of regulating brightness using power supply from drainage energy is invented successfully.